userdb: replace recursion lock

Previously we'd used the existance of a specific AF_UNIX socket in the
abstract namespace as lock for disabling lookup recursions. (for
breaking out of the loop: userdb synthesized from nss → nss synthesized
from userdb → userdb synthesized from nss → …)

I did it like that because it promised to work the same both in static
and in dynmically linked environments and is accessible easily from any
programming language.

However, it has a weakness regarding reuse attacks: the socket is
securely hashed (siphash) from the thread ID in combination with the
AT_RANDOM secret. Thus it should not be guessable from an attacker in
advance. That's only true if a thread takes the lock only once and
keeps it forever. However, if a thread takes and releases it multiple
times an attacker might monitor that and quickly take the lock
after the first iteration for follow-up iterations.

It's not a big issue given that userdb (as the primary user for this)
never released the lock and we never made the concept a public
interface, and it was only included in one release so far, but it's
something that deserves fixing. (moreover it's a local DoS only, only
permitting to disable native userdb lookups)

With this rework the libnss_systemd.so.2 module will now export two
additional symbols. These symbols are not used by glibc, but can be used
by arbitrary programs: one can be used to disable nss-systemd, the other
to check if it is currently disabled.

The lock is per-thread. It's slightly less pretty, since it requires
people to manually link against C code via dlopen()/dlsym(), but it
should work safely without the aforementioned weakness.
This commit is contained in:
Lennart Poettering 2020-06-04 11:46:36 +02:00 committed by Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
parent 6e78726e20
commit 037b0a47b0
8 changed files with 142 additions and 213 deletions

View File

@ -1656,7 +1656,7 @@ test_dlopen = executable(
build_by_default : want_tests != 'false')
foreach tuple : [['myhostname', 'ENABLE_NSS_MYHOSTNAME'],
['systemd', 'ENABLE_NSS_SYSTEMD', 'src/nss-systemd/userdb-glue.c src/nss-systemd/userdb-glue.h'],
['systemd', 'ENABLE_NSS_SYSTEMD', 'src/nss-systemd/userdb-glue.c src/nss-systemd/userdb-glue.h src/nss-systemd/nss-systemd.h'],
['mymachines', 'ENABLE_NSS_MYMACHINES'],
['resolve', 'ENABLE_NSS_RESOLVE']]

View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
#include "fd-util.h"
#include "group-record-nss.h"
#include "macro.h"
#include "nss-systemd.h"
#include "nss-util.h"
#include "pthread-util.h"
#include "signal-util.h"
@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_setpwent(int stayopen) {
PROTECT_ERRNO;
BLOCK_SIGNALS(NSS_SIGNALS_BLOCK);
if (userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled() <= 0)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
_cleanup_(pthread_mutex_unlock_assertp) pthread_mutex_t *_l = NULL;
@ -323,7 +324,7 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_setgrent(int stayopen) {
PROTECT_ERRNO;
BLOCK_SIGNALS(NSS_SIGNALS_BLOCK);
if (userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled() <= 0)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
_cleanup_(pthread_mutex_unlock_assertp) pthread_mutex_t *_l = NULL;
@ -353,13 +354,7 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_getpwent_r(
assert(result);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
_cleanup_(pthread_mutex_unlock_assertp) pthread_mutex_t *_l = NULL;
@ -406,14 +401,8 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_getgrent_r(
assert(result);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
_cleanup_(pthread_mutex_unlock_assertp) pthread_mutex_t *_l = NULL;
@ -459,7 +448,7 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_getgrent_r(
}
if (getgrent_data.by_membership) {
_cleanup_close_ int lock_fd = -1;
_cleanup_(_nss_systemd_unblockp) bool blocked = false;
for (;;) {
_cleanup_free_ char *user_name = NULL, *group_name = NULL;
@ -479,13 +468,15 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_getgrent_r(
continue;
/* We are about to recursively call into NSS, let's make sure we disable recursion into our own code. */
if (lock_fd < 0) {
lock_fd = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (lock_fd < 0 && lock_fd != -EBUSY) {
if (!blocked) {
r = _nss_systemd_block(true);
if (r < 0) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -lock_fd;
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
blocked = true;
}
r = nss_group_record_by_name(group_name, false, &gr);
@ -549,13 +540,7 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_initgroups_dyn(
if (STR_IN_SET(user_name, root_passwd.pw_name, nobody_passwd.pw_name))
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
UNPROTECT_ERRNO;
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = membershipdb_by_user(user_name, nss_glue_userdb_flags(), &iterator);
@ -627,3 +612,29 @@ enum nss_status _nss_systemd_initgroups_dyn(
return any ? NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS : NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
}
static thread_local unsigned _blocked = 0;
_public_ int _nss_systemd_block(bool b) {
/* This blocks recursively: it's blocked for as many times this function is called with `true` until
* it is called an equal time with `false`. */
if (b) {
if (_blocked >= UINT_MAX)
return -EOVERFLOW;
_blocked++;
} else {
if (_blocked <= 0)
return -EOVERFLOW;
_blocked--;
}
return b; /* Return what is passed in, i.e. the new state from the PoV of the caller */
}
_public_ bool _nss_systemd_is_blocked(void) {
return _blocked > 0;
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
#pragma once
#include <stdbool.h>
int _nss_systemd_block(bool b);
bool _nss_systemd_is_blocked(void);
/* For use with the _cleanup_() macro */
static inline void _nss_systemd_unblockp(bool *b) {
if (*b)
assert_se(_nss_systemd_block(false) >= 0);
}

View File

@ -20,5 +20,9 @@ global:
_nss_systemd_setgrent;
_nss_systemd_getgrent_r;
_nss_systemd_initgroups_dyn;
/* These two are not used by glibc, but can be used by apps to explicitly disable nss-systemd for the calling thread. */
_nss_systemd_block;
_nss_systemd_is_blocked;
local: *;
};

View File

@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
#include "env-util.h"
#include "fd-util.h"
#include "group-record-nss.h"
#include "nss-systemd.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "user-record.h"
#include "userdb-glue.h"
@ -74,12 +75,7 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getpwnam(
assert(pwd);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = userdb_by_name(name, nss_glue_userdb_flags(), &hr);
@ -112,12 +108,7 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getpwuid(
assert(pwd);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = userdb_by_uid(uid, nss_glue_userdb_flags(), &hr);
@ -214,12 +205,7 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getgrnam(
assert(gr);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = groupdb_by_name(name, nss_glue_userdb_flags(), &g);
@ -235,7 +221,7 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getgrnam(
}
if (!g) {
_cleanup_close_ int lock_fd = -1;
_cleanup_(_nss_systemd_unblockp) bool blocked = false;
if (strv_isempty(members))
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
@ -245,11 +231,13 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getgrnam(
* acquire it, so that we can extend it (that's because glibc's group merging feature will
* merge groups only if both GID and name match and thus we need to have both first). It
* sucks behaving recursively likely this, but it's apparently what everybody does. We break
* the recursion for ourselves via the userdb_nss_compat_disable() lock. */
* the recursion for ourselves via the _nss_systemd_block_nss() lock. */
lock_fd = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (lock_fd < 0 && lock_fd != -EBUSY)
return lock_fd;
r = _nss_systemd_block(true);
if (r < 0)
return r;
blocked = true;
r = nss_group_record_by_name(name, false, &g);
if (r == -ESRCH)
@ -285,12 +273,7 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getgrgid(
assert(gr);
assert(errnop);
r = userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled();
if (r < 0) {
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
}
if (!r)
if (_nss_systemd_is_blocked())
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
r = groupdb_by_gid(gid, nss_glue_userdb_flags(), &g);
@ -300,20 +283,21 @@ enum nss_status userdb_getgrgid(
}
if (!g) {
_cleanup_close_ int lock_fd = -1;
_cleanup_(_nss_systemd_unblockp) bool blocked = false;
/* So, quite possibly we have to extend an existing group record with additional members. But
* to do this we need to know the group name first. The group didn't exist via non-NSS
* queries though, hence let's try to acquire it here recursively via NSS. */
lock_fd = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (lock_fd < 0 && lock_fd != -EBUSY)
return lock_fd;
r = _nss_systemd_block(true);
if (r < 0)
return r;
blocked = true;
r = nss_group_record_by_gid(gid, false, &g);
if (r == -ESRCH)
return NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND;
if (r < 0) {
*errnop = -r;
return NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;

View File

@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
#include <sys/auxv.h>
#include "dirent-util.h"
#include "dlfcn-util.h"
#include "errno-util.h"
#include "fd-util.h"
#include "group-record-nss.h"
@ -32,8 +33,8 @@ struct UserDBIterator {
bool nss_iterating:1;
bool synthesize_root:1;
bool synthesize_nobody:1;
bool nss_systemd_blocked:1;
int error;
int nss_lock;
unsigned n_found;
sd_event *event;
UserRecord *found_user; /* when .what == LOOKUP_USER */
@ -85,7 +86,9 @@ UserDBIterator* userdb_iterator_free(UserDBIterator *iterator) {
}
sd_event_unref(iterator->event);
safe_close(iterator->nss_lock);
if (iterator->nss_systemd_blocked)
assert_se(userdb_block_nss_systemd(false) >= 0);
return mfree(iterator);
}
@ -102,12 +105,27 @@ static UserDBIterator* userdb_iterator_new(LookupWhat what) {
*i = (UserDBIterator) {
.what = what,
.nss_lock = -1,
};
return i;
}
static int userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(UserDBIterator *iterator) {
int r;
assert(iterator);
if (iterator->nss_systemd_blocked)
return 0;
r = userdb_block_nss_systemd(true);
if (r < 0)
return r;
iterator->nss_systemd_blocked = true;
return 1;
}
struct user_group_data {
JsonVariant *record;
bool incomplete;
@ -606,13 +624,11 @@ int userdb_by_name(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, UserRecord **ret) {
return r;
}
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !(iterator && iterator->nss_covered)) {
/* Make sure the NSS lookup doesn't recurse back to us. (EBUSY is fine here, it just means we
* already took the lock from our thread, which is totally OK.) */
r = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (r >= 0 || r == -EBUSY) {
iterator->nss_lock = r;
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !iterator->nss_covered) {
/* Make sure the NSS lookup doesn't recurse back to us. */
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r >= 0) {
/* Client-side NSS fallback */
r = nss_user_record_by_name(name, !FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_SHADOW), ret);
if (r >= 0)
@ -655,11 +671,9 @@ int userdb_by_uid(uid_t uid, UserDBFlags flags, UserRecord **ret) {
return r;
}
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !(iterator && iterator->nss_covered)) {
r = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (r >= 0 || r == -EBUSY) {
iterator->nss_lock = r;
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !iterator->nss_covered) {
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r >= 0) {
/* Client-side NSS fallback */
r = nss_user_record_by_uid(uid, !FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_SHADOW), ret);
if (r >= 0)
@ -693,9 +707,9 @@ int userdb_all(UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **ret) {
r = userdb_start_query(iterator, "io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord", true, NULL, flags);
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && (r < 0 || !iterator->nss_covered)) {
iterator->nss_lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (iterator->nss_lock < 0 && iterator->nss_lock != -EBUSY)
return iterator->nss_lock;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r < 0)
return r;
setpwent();
iterator->nss_iterating = true;
@ -815,10 +829,8 @@ int groupdb_by_name(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, GroupRecord **ret) {
}
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !(iterator && iterator->nss_covered)) {
r = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (r >= 0 || r == -EBUSY) {
iterator->nss_lock = r;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r >= 0) {
r = nss_group_record_by_name(name, !FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_SHADOW), ret);
if (r >= 0)
return r;
@ -861,10 +873,8 @@ int groupdb_by_gid(gid_t gid, UserDBFlags flags, GroupRecord **ret) {
}
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && !(iterator && iterator->nss_covered)) {
r = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (r >= 0 || r == -EBUSY) {
iterator->nss_lock = r;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r >= 0) {
r = nss_group_record_by_gid(gid, !FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_SHADOW), ret);
if (r >= 0)
return r;
@ -897,9 +907,9 @@ int groupdb_all(UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **ret) {
r = userdb_start_query(iterator, "io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetGroupRecord", true, NULL, flags);
if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS) && (r < 0 || !iterator->nss_covered)) {
iterator->nss_lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (iterator->nss_lock < 0 && iterator->nss_lock != -EBUSY)
return iterator->nss_lock;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r < 0)
return r;
setgrent();
iterator->nss_iterating = true;
@ -998,9 +1008,9 @@ int membershipdb_by_user(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **r
if ((r >= 0 && iterator->nss_covered) || FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS))
goto finish;
iterator->nss_lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (iterator->nss_lock < 0 && iterator->nss_lock != -EBUSY)
return iterator->nss_lock;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r < 0)
return r;
iterator->filter_user_name = strdup(name);
if (!iterator->filter_user_name)
@ -1041,9 +1051,9 @@ int membershipdb_by_group(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **
if ((r >= 0 && iterator->nss_covered) || FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS))
goto finish;
iterator->nss_lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (iterator->nss_lock < 0 && iterator->nss_lock != -EBUSY)
return iterator->nss_lock;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r < 0)
return r;
/* We ignore all errors here, since the group might be defined by a userdb native service, and we queried them already above. */
(void) nss_group_record_by_name(name, false, &gr);
@ -1082,9 +1092,9 @@ int membershipdb_all(UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **ret) {
if ((r >= 0 && iterator->nss_covered) || FLAGS_SET(flags, USERDB_AVOID_NSS))
goto finish;
iterator->nss_lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (iterator->nss_lock < 0 && iterator->nss_lock != -EBUSY)
return iterator->nss_lock;
r = userdb_iterator_block_nss_systemd(iterator);
if (r < 0)
return r;
setgrent();
iterator->nss_iterating = true;
@ -1221,115 +1231,24 @@ int membershipdb_by_group_strv(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, char ***ret)
return 0;
}
static int userdb_thread_sockaddr(struct sockaddr_un *ret_sa, socklen_t *ret_salen) {
static const uint8_t
k1[16] = { 0x35, 0xc1, 0x1f, 0x41, 0x59, 0xc6, 0xa0, 0xf9, 0x33, 0x4b, 0x17, 0x3d, 0xb9, 0xf6, 0x14, 0xd9 },
k2[16] = { 0x6a, 0x11, 0x4c, 0x37, 0xe5, 0xa3, 0x8c, 0xa6, 0x93, 0x55, 0x64, 0x8c, 0x93, 0xee, 0xa1, 0x7b };
int userdb_block_nss_systemd(int b) {
_cleanup_(dlclosep) void *dl = NULL;
int (*call)(bool b);
struct siphash sh;
uint64_t x, y;
pid_t tid;
void *p;
/* Note that we might be called from libnss_systemd.so.2 itself, but that should be fine, really. */
assert(ret_sa);
assert(ret_salen);
/* This calculates an AF_UNIX socket address in the abstract namespace whose existence works as an
* indicator whether to emulate NSS records for complex user records that are also available via the
* varlink protocol. The name of the socket is picked in a way so that:
*
* it is per-thread (by hashing from the TID)
*
* is not guessable for foreign processes (by hashing from the hopefully secret AT_RANDOM
* value every process gets passed from the kernel
*
* By using a socket the NSS emulation can be nicely turned off for limited amounts of time only,
* simply controlled by the lifetime of the fd itself. By using an AF_UNIX socket in the abstract
* namespace the lock is automatically cleaned up when the process dies abnormally.
*
*/
p = ULONG_TO_PTR(getauxval(AT_RANDOM));
if (!p)
return -EIO;
tid = gettid();
siphash24_init(&sh, k1);
siphash24_compress(p, 16, &sh);
siphash24_compress(&tid, sizeof(tid), &sh);
x = siphash24_finalize(&sh);
siphash24_init(&sh, k2);
siphash24_compress(p, 16, &sh);
siphash24_compress(&tid, sizeof(tid), &sh);
y = siphash24_finalize(&sh);
*ret_sa = (struct sockaddr_un) {
.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
};
sprintf(ret_sa->sun_path + 1, "userdb-%016" PRIx64 "%016" PRIx64, x, y);
*ret_salen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + 7 + 32;
return 0;
}
int userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled(void) {
_cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
union sockaddr_union sa;
socklen_t salen;
int r;
/* Tests whether the NSS compatibility logic is currently turned on for the invoking thread. Returns
* true if NSS compatibility is turned on, i.e. whether NSS records shall be synthesized from complex
* user records. */
r = userdb_thread_sockaddr(&sa.un, &salen);
if (r < 0)
return r;
fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
if (fd < 0)
return -errno;
/* Try to connect(). This doesn't do anything really, except that it checks whether the socket
* address is bound at all. */
if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, salen) < 0) {
if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) /* the socket is not bound, hence NSS emulation shall be done */
return true;
return -errno;
dl = dlopen(ROOTLIBDIR "libnss_systemd.so.2", RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_NODELETE);
if (!dl) {
/* If the file isn't installed, don't complain loudly */
log_debug("Failed to dlopen(libnss_systemd.so.2), ignoring: %s", dlerror());
return 0;
}
return false;
}
int userdb_nss_compat_disable(void) {
_cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
union sockaddr_union sa;
socklen_t salen;
int r;
/* Turn off the NSS compatibility logic for the invoking thread. By default NSS records are
* synthesized for all complex user records looked up via NSS. If this call is invoked this is
* disabled for the invoking thread, but only for it. A caller that natively supports the varlink
* user record protocol may use that to turn off the compatibility for NSS lookups. */
r = userdb_thread_sockaddr(&sa.un, &salen);
if (r < 0)
return r;
fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
if (fd < 0)
return -errno;
if (bind(fd, &sa.sa, salen) < 0) {
if (errno == EADDRINUSE) /* lock already taken, convert this into a recognizable error */
return -EBUSY;
return -errno;
}
return TAKE_FD(fd);
call = (int (*)(bool b)) dlsym(dl, "_nss_systemd_block");
if (!call)
/* If the file is is installed but lacks the symbol we expect, things are weird, let's complain */
return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ELIBBAD),
"Unable to find symbol _nss_systemd_block in libnss_systemd.so.2: %s", dlerror());
return call(b);
}

View File

@ -38,5 +38,4 @@ int membershipdb_all(UserDBFlags flags, UserDBIterator **ret);
int membershipdb_iterator_get(UserDBIterator *iterator, char **user, char **group);
int membershipdb_by_group_strv(const char *name, UserDBFlags flags, char ***ret);
int userdb_nss_compat_is_enabled(void);
int userdb_nss_compat_disable(void);
int userdb_block_nss_systemd(int b);

View File

@ -659,7 +659,6 @@ static int process_connection(VarlinkServer *server, int fd) {
static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
usec_t start_time, listen_idle_usec, last_busy_usec = USEC_INFINITY;
_cleanup_(varlink_server_unrefp) VarlinkServer *server = NULL;
_cleanup_close_ int lock = -1;
unsigned n_iterations = 0;
int m, listen_fd, r;
@ -696,8 +695,8 @@ static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse USERDB_FIXED_WORKER: %m");
listen_idle_usec = r ? USEC_INFINITY : LISTEN_IDLE_USEC;
lock = userdb_nss_compat_disable();
if (lock < 0)
r = userdb_block_nss_systemd(true);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable userdb NSS compatibility: %m");
start_time = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);