Let's use strjoina() rather than strjoin() for construct dbus match
strings.
Also, while we are at it, fix parameter ordering, so that our functions
always put the object first, like it is customary for OO-like
programming.
We should make sure that mount units involved by 'RequiresMountsFor='
directives are really loaded if not required by any others units so
that Requires= dependencies on the mount units are applied and thus
the mount unit dependencies are started.
When starting a transient service, allow setting stdin/stdout/stderr fds
for it, by passing them in via the bus.
This also simplifies some of the serialization code for units.
We place the processes we fork off in the cgroup anyway, and we probably
shouldn't be able to get that far if we couldn't set up the slice due to
resource problems or unmet conditions. Hence upgrade the dependency
between units and the slices they are located in from Wants= to
Requires=.
Add a new config directive called NetClass= to CGroup enabled units.
Allowed values are positive numbers for fix assignments and "auto" for
picking a free value automatically, for which we need to keep track of
dynamically assigned net class IDs of units. Introduce a hash table for
this, and also record the last ID that was given out, so the allocator
can start its search for the next 'hole' from there. This could
eventually be optimized with something like an irb.
The class IDs up to 65536 are considered reserved and won't be
assigned automatically by systemd. This barrier can be made a config
directive in the future.
Values set in unit files are stored in the CGroupContext of the
unit and considered read-only. The actually assigned number (which
may have been chosen dynamically) is stored in the unit itself and
is guaranteed to remain stable as long as the unit is active.
In the CGroup controller, set the configured CGroup net class to
net_cls.classid. Multiple unit may share the same net class ID,
and those which do are linked together.
Let's stop using the "unsigned long" type for weights/shares, and let's
just use uint64_t for this, as that's what we expose on the bus.
Unify parsers, and always validate the range for these fields.
Correct the default blockio weight to 500, since that's what the kernel
actually uses.
When parsing the weight/shares settings from unit files accept the empty
string as a way to reset the weight/shares value. When getting it via
the bus, uniformly map (uint64_t) -1 to unset.
Open up StartupCPUShares= and StartupBlockIOWeight= to transient units.
This adds support for the new "pids" cgroup controller of 4.3 kernels.
It allows accounting the number of tasks in a cgroup and enforcing
limits on it.
This adds two new setting TasksAccounting= and TasksMax= to each unit,
as well as a gloabl option DefaultTasksAccounting=.
This also updated "cgtop" to optionally make use of the new
kernel-provided accounting.
systemctl has been updated to show the number of tasks for each service
if it is available.
This patch also adds correct support for undoing memory limits for units
using a MemoryLimit=infinity syntax. We do the same for TasksMax= now
and hence keep things in sync here.
Make sure we always check conditions before checking whether the unit
type is supported in unit_start(), since condition checks are "clean
errors", while "not supported" errors are fatal.
This cleans up the boot output of systemd in containers, where a lot of
NOTSUPP lines were shown befor this fix.
This partially reverts 8ff4d2ab0d which
reorder the checks.
Introduce a proper enum, and don't pass around string ids anymore. This
simplifies things quite a bit, and makes virtualization detection more
similar to architecture detection.
This funciton is exposed via CanStart on the bus, and should be as
accurate as possible. Hence: make sure to return false for units of unit
types not supported on the system, and for unit types where
configuration failed to load.
Also see #1105.
This adds a new PID_TO_PTR() macro, plus PTR_TO_PID() and makes use of
it wherever we maintain processes in a hash table. Previously we
sometimes used LONG_TO_PTR() and other times ULONG_TO_PTR() for that,
hence let's make this more explicit and clean up things.
This patch set adds full support the new unified cgroup hierarchy logic
of modern kernels.
A new kernel command line option "systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1" is
added. If specified the unified hierarchy is mounted to /sys/fs/cgroup
instead of a tmpfs. No further hierarchies are mounted. The kernel
command line option defaults to off. We can turn it on by default as
soon as the kernel's APIs regarding this are stabilized (but even then
downstream distros might want to turn this off, as this will break any
tools that access cgroupfs directly).
It is possibly to choose for each boot individually whether the unified
or the legacy hierarchy is used. nspawn will by default provide the
legacy hierarchy to containers if the host is using it, and the unified
otherwise. However it is possible to run containers with the unified
hierarchy on a legacy host and vice versa, by setting the
$UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY environment variable for nspawn to 1 or 0,
respectively.
The unified hierarchy provides reliable cgroup empty notifications for
the first time, via inotify. To make use of this we maintain one
manager-wide inotify fd, and each cgroup to it.
This patch also removes cg_delete() which is unused now.
On kernel 4.2 only the "memory" controller is compatible with the
unified hierarchy, hence that's the only controller systemd exposes when
booted in unified heirarchy mode.
This introduces a new enum for enumerating supported controllers, plus a
related enum for the mask bits mapping to it. The core is changed to
make use of this everywhere.
This moves PID 1 into a new "init.scope" implicit scope unit in the root
slice. This is necessary since on the unified hierarchy cgroups may
either contain subgroups or processes but not both. PID 1 hence has to
move out of the root cgroup (strictly speaking the root cgroup is the
only one where processes and subgroups are still allowed, but in order
to support containers nicey, we move PID 1 into the new scope in all
cases.) This new unit is also used on legacy hierarchy setups. It's
actually pretty useful on all systems, as it can then be used to filter
journal messages coming from PID 1, and so on.
The root slice ("-.slice") is now implicitly created and started (and
does not require a unit file on disk anymore), since
that's where "init.scope" is located and the slice needs to be started
before the scope can.
To check whether we are in unified or legacy hierarchy mode we use
statfs() on /sys/fs/cgroup. If the .f_type field reports tmpfs we are in
legacy mode, if it reports cgroupfs we are in unified mode.
This patch set carefuly makes sure that cgls and cgtop continue to work
as desired.
When invoking nspawn as a service it will implicitly create two
subcgroups in the cgroup it is using, one to move the nspawn process
into, the other to move the actual container processes into. This is
done because of the requirement that cgroups may either contain
processes or other subgroups.
When the user wants to explicitly send our own PID a signal, then do so.
Don't follow up SIGABRT with a SIGHUP if send_sighup is enabled. At that
point the process should have segfaulted, hence there's no point in
following up with a SIGHUP.
Send only termination signals to ourselves, never KILL or ABRT signals.
Always say when we ignore errors. Cast calls whose return value we
knowingly ingore to (void). Use "bool" where we actually mean a boolean,
even if we return it as an int later on.
The legacy cgroup hierarchy does not support reliable empty
notifications in containers and if there are left-over subgroups in a
cgroup. This makes it hard to correctly wait for them running empty, and
thus we previously disabled this logic entirely.
With this change we explicitly check for the container case, and whether
the unit is a "delegation" unit (i.e. one where programs may create
their own subgroups). If we are neither in a container, nor operating on
a delegation unit cgroup empty notifications become reliable and thus we
start waiting for the empty notifications again.
This doesn't really fix the general problem around cgroup notifications
but reduces the effect around it.
(This also reorders #include lines by their focus, as suggsted in
CODING_STYLE. We have to add "virt.h", so let's do that at the right
place.)
Also see #317.
We store the properties for transient units in drop-ins anyway, and
units don't have to have fragment files, hence don't bother with them,
and don't create them.
The ->done callback in the unit's vtable might call into
unit_unwatch_bus_name() and corrupt memory by that.
Move the call down, and clean up the bus slot in case it hasn't been done
yet.
Currently, PID1 installs an unfiltered NameOwnerChanged signal match, and
dispatches the signals itself. This does not scale, as right now, PID1
wakes up every time a bus client connects.
To fix this, install individual matches once they are requested by
unit_watch_bus_name(), and remove the watches again through their slot in
unit_unwatch_bus_name().
If the bus is not available during unit_watch_bus_name(), just store
name in the 'watch_bus' hashmap, and let bus_setup_api() do the installing
later.
unit_get_status_message_format() is used only with one of JOB_START,
JOB_STOP, JOB_RELOAD, all of which have fallback message strings
defined, so the function may never return NULL.
The starting/stopping messages are printed to the console only if the
corresponding format string is defined in the unit's vtable. To avoid
excessive messages on the console, the unit types whose start/stop
jobs are instantaneous had the format strings intentionally undefined.
When logging the same event to the journal, a fallback to generic
Starting/Stopping/Reloading messages is used.
The problem of excessive console messages with instantaneous jobs
is already resolved in a nicer way ("core: fix confusing logging of
instantaneous jobs"), so there's no longer a need to have two ways of
getting the format strings. Let's fold them into one function with
the fallback to generic message strings.
For instantaneous jobs (e.g. starting of targets, sockets, slices, or
Type=simple services) the log shows the job completion
before starting:
systemd[1]: Created slice -.slice.
systemd[1]: Starting -.slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting System Slice.
systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting Journal Audit Socket.
systemd[1]: Reached target Timers.
systemd[1]: Starting Timers.
...
The reason is that the job completes before the ->start() method returns
and only then does unit_start() print the "Starting ..." message.
The same thing happens when stopping units.
Rather than fixing the order of the messages, let's just not emit the
Starting/Stopping message at all when the job completes instantaneously.
The job completion message is sufficient in this case.
No distro ships that old systemd versions anyway, hence let's drop
support for live-upgrades for them. Offline updates are still supported.
And live-upgrades will only lose the job queue, hence basically still
work...
It's primarily just a property of the Manager object after all, and we
try to refer to PID 1 as "manager" instead of "systemd", hence let's to
stick to this here too.
The call is only used by the mount and automount unit types, but that's
already enough to consider it generic unit functionality, hence move it
out of mount.c and into unit.c.
This changes log_unit_info() (and friends) to take a real Unit* object
insted of just a unit name as parameter. The call will now prefix all
logged messages with the unit name, thus allowing the unit name to be
dropped from the various passed romat strings, simplifying invocations
drastically, and unifying log output across messages. Also, UNIT= vs.
USER_UNIT= is now derived from the Manager object attached to the Unit
object, instead of getpid(). This has the benefit of correcting the
field for --test runs.
Also contains a couple of other logging improvements:
- Drops a couple of strerror() invocations in favour of using %m.
- Not only .mount units now warn if a symlinks exist for the mount
point already, .automount units do that too, now.
- A few invocations of log_struct() that didn't actually pass any
additional structured data have been replaced by simpler invocations
of log_unit_info() and friends.
- For structured data a new LOG_UNIT_MESSAGE() macro has been added,
that works like LOG_MESSAGE() but prefixes the message with the unit
name. Similar, there's now LOG_LINK_MESSAGE() and
LOG_NETDEV_MESSAGE().
- For structured data new LOG_UNIT_ID(), LOG_LINK_INTERFACE(),
LOG_NETDEV_INTERFACE() macros have been added that generate the
necessary per object fields. The old log_unit_struct() call has been
removed in favour of these new macros used in raw log_struct()
invocations. In addition to removing one more function call this
allows generated structured log messages that contain two object
fields, as necessary for example for network interfaces that are
joined into another network interface, and whose messages shall be
indexed by both.
- The LOG_ERRNO() macro has been removed, in favour of
log_struct_errno(). The latter has the benefit of ensuring that %m in
format strings is properly resolved to the specified error number.
- A number of logging messages have been converted to use
log_unit_info() instead of log_info()
- The client code in sysv-generator no longer #includes core code from
src/core/.
- log_unit_full_errno() has been removed, log_unit_full() instead takes
an errno now, too.
- log_unit_info(), log_link_info(), log_netdev_info() and friends, now
avoid double evaluation of their parameters
A variety of changes:
- Make sure all our calls distuingish OOM from other errors if OOM is
not the only error possible.
- Be much stricter when parsing escaped paths, do not accept trailing or
leading escaped slashes.
- Change unit validation to take a bit mask for allowing plain names,
instance names or template names or an combination thereof.
- Refuse manipulating invalid unit name
This is yet another attempt to fix coldplugging order (more especially,
the problem which happens when one creates a job during coldplugging and
it references a not-yet-coldplugged unit).
Now we forcibly coldplug all units which participate in jobs. This
is a superset of previously implemented handling of the UNIT_TRIGGERS
dependencies, so that handling is removed.
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-April/031212.htmlhttps://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=88401 (once again)
Because the order of coldplugging is not defined, we can reference a
not-yet-coldplugged unit and read its state while it has not yet been
set to a meaningful value.
This way, already active units may get started again.
We fix this by deferring such actions until all units have been at
least somehow coldplugged.
Fixes https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=88401
This change introduces a new state "tentative" for device units. Device
units are considered "plugged" when udev announced them, "dead" when
they are not available in the kernel, and "tentative" when they are
referenced in /proc/self/mountinfo or /proc/swaps but not (yet)
announced via udev.
This should fix a race when device nodes (like loop devices) are created
and immediately mounted. Previously, systemd might end up seeing the
mount unit before the device, and would thus pull down the mount because
its BindTo dependency on the device would not be fulfilled.
By notifying the clients when this property is changed it's possible to
allow "system health monitor" tools to get transitions like
running<->degraded. This is an alternative to send changes on the
SystemState property since the latter is more difficult to derive.
I'm trying to track down a relatively recent change in systemd
which broke OSTree; see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=743891
Systemd started to stop sysroot.mount, and this patch should help
me debug why at least.
While we're here, "break" on the first unit we find that will
deactivate, as there's no point in further iteration.
When running in user mode unmounting of mount units when a device
vanishes is unlikely to work, and even if it would work is already done
by PID 1 anyway. HEnce, when creating implicit dependencies between
mount units and their backing devices, created a Wants= type dependency
in --user mode, but leave a BindsTo= dependency in --system mode.
This patch removes includes that are not used. The removals were found with
include-what-you-use which checks if any of the symbols from a header is
in use.
include-what-you-use automatically does this and it makes finding
unnecessary harder to spot. The only content of poll.h is a include
of sys/poll.h so should be harmless.
After all it is now much more like strjoin() than strappend(). At the
same time, add support for NULL sentinels, even if they are normally not
necessary.
If we scale our buffer to be wide enough for the format string, we
should expect that the calculation was correct.
char_array_0() invocations are removed, since snprintf nul-terminates
the output in any case.
A similar wrapper is used for strftime calls, but only in timedatectl.c.
Unit _start() and _stop() implementations can fail with -EAGAIN to delay
execution temporarily. Thus, we should not output status messages before
invoking these calls, but after, and only when we know that the
invocation actually made a change.
With this change it is possible to send file descriptors to PID 1, via
sd_pid_notify_with_fds() which PID 1 will store individually for each
service, and pass via the usual fd passing logic on next invocation.
This is useful for enable daemon reload schemes where daemons serialize
their state to /run, push their fds into PID 1 and terminate, restoring
their state on next start from the data in /run and passed in from PID
1.
The fds are kept by PID 1 as long as no POLLHUP or POLLERR is seen on
them, and the service they belong to are either not dead or failed, or
have a job queued.
Let's unify the code that counts the running jobs a bit, in order to
make sure we are less likely to miss one.
This is related to this bug:
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=87349
However, it probably won't fix it fully, and I cannot reproduce the issue.
The change also adds an explicit assert change when the counter is off.
Containers do not really support .device, .automount or .swap units;
Systems compiled without support for swap do not support .swap units;
Systems without kdbus do not support .busname units.
With this change attempts to start a unsupported unit types will result
in an immediate "unsupported" job result, which is a lot more
descriptive then before. Also, attempts to start device units in
containers will now immediately fail instead of causing jobs to be
enqueued that never go away.
If a unit is set property by "systemctl set-property", a new dropin
file is generated. But the unit's dropin_paths and dropin_mtime are
not updated. So the unit is shown as need daemon reload.
Update unit dropin_paths and dropin_mtime also when dropin file is
written.
- Rename log_meta() → log_internal(), to follow naming scheme of most
other log functions that are usually invoked through macros, but never
directly.
- Rename log_info_object() to log_object_info(), simply because the
object should be before any other parameters, to follow OO-style
programming style.
That way only one file with condition code remaining, in src/shared/,
rather than src/core/.
Next step: dropping the "-util" suffix from condition-util.[ch].
With the hashmap implementation that uses chaining the reservations
merely ensure that the merging won't result in long bucket chains.
With a future alternative implementation it will additionally reserve
memory to make sure the merging won't fail.
This patch adds a transient user unit directory under
`$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/systemd/user/` and stores transient user-instance
units (such as those created by `systemd-run --user`) under there
instead of putting them in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/systemd/user/.
Fixes https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=67331
It is redundant to store 'hash' and 'compare' function pointers in
struct Hashmap separately. The functions always comprise a pair.
Store a single pointer to struct hash_ops instead.
systemd keeps hundreds of hashmaps, so this saves a little bit of
memory.
Start jobs for Type=oneshot units are successful when the unit state
transition activating → inactive took place. In such a case all units
that BindsTo= on it previously would continue to run, even though the unit
they dependet on was actually already gone.
A unit should not Conflict with itself. It also does not make
much sense for a unit to be After or Before itself, or to
trigger itself in some way.
If one of those dependency types is encountered, warn, instead
of dropping it silently like other dependency types.
% build/systemd-analyze verify test/loopy3.service
...
Dependency Conflicts dropped when merging unit loopy4.service into loopy3.service
Dependency ConflictedBy dropped when merging unit loopy4.service into loopy3.service
