Instead of :-0, :1, :5, etc., use -0, 1 or +1, 5, etc. For BOOT_ID+OFFSET,
use BOOT_ID+offset or BOOT_ID-offset (either + or - is required).
Also make error handling a bit more robust and verbose.
Modify the man page to describe the most common case (-b) first,
and the second most common case (-b -1) second.
The list and descriptions of valid output options was difficult to read,
so break up the long block of text into discrete man page list items to
improve readability.
Hi,
I redid the boot ID look up to use enumerate_unique.
This is quite fast if the cache is warm but painfully slow if
it isn't. It has a slight chance of returning the wrong order if
realtime clock jumps around.
This one has to do n searches for every boot ID there is plus
a sort, so it depends heavily on cache hotness. This is in contrast
to the other way of look-up through filtering by a MESSAGE_ID,
which only needs about 1 seek + whatever amount of relative IDs
you want to walk.
I also have a linked-list + (in-place) mergesort version of this
patch, which has pretty much the same runtime. But since this one
is using libc sorting and armortized allocation, I prefer this
one.
To summarize: The MESSAGE_ID way is a *lot* faster but can be
incomplete due to rotation, while the enumerate+sort will find
every boot ID out there but will be painfully slow for large
journals and cold caches.
You choose :P
Jan
When manpages are displayed on a terminal, <literal>s are indistinguishable
from surrounding text. Add quotes everywhere, remove duplicate quotes,
and tweak a few lists for consistent formatting.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=874631
--user basically gives messages from your own systemd --user services.
--system basically gives messages from PID 1, kernel, and --system
services. Those two options are not exahustive, because a priviledged
user might be able to see messages from other users, and they will not
be shown with either or both of those flags.
Everything which is an absolute filename marked with <filename></filename>
lands in the index, unless noindex= attribute is present. Should make
it easier for people to find stuff when they are looking at a file on
disk.
Various formatting errors in manpages are fixed, kernel-install(1) is
restored to formatting sanity.
Previously only one "--unit=" or "--user-unit" could be specified.
With this patch, journalcrtl can show multiple units.
$ journalctl -u systemd-udevd.service -u sshd.service -u crond.service -b
-- Logs begin at Sa 2013-03-23 11:08:45 CET, end at Fr 2013-04-12
09:10:22 CEST. --
Apr 12 08:41:37 lenovo systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
Apr 12 08:41:37 lenovo systemd[1]: Stopped udev Kernel Device Manager.
Apr 12 08:41:38 lenovo systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
Apr 12 08:41:38 lenovo crond[291]: (CRON) INFO (Syslog will be used
instead of sendmail.)
Apr 12 08:41:38 lenovo crond[291]: (CRON) INFO (running with inotify
support)
Apr 12 08:41:39 lenovo systemd[1]: Starting OpenSSH server daemon...
Apr 12 08:41:39 lenovo systemd[1]: Started OpenSSH server daemon.
Apr 12 08:41:39 lenovo sshd[355]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
Apr 12 08:41:39 lenovo sshd[355]: Server listening on :: port 22.
Apr 12 08:41:39 lenovo mtp-probe[373]: checking bus 1, device 8:
"/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.5/1-1.5.6/1-1.5.6.2/1-1.5.6.2.1"
Seems natural to be able to specify relative directory,
e.g. with journalctl -D. And even if, this should be checked
in front-end code, not in the library.
journalctl -u unit is not very useful, because it doesn't show
systemd messages about starting, stopping, coredumps, etc,
like systemctl status unit does. Make it show the same
information using the same rules.
If somebody really want to see just messages from by the unit,
it is easy enough to use _SYSTEMD_UNIT=...
Option listings seemed to be pretty much random, some were short opt,
long opt, others were long opt, short opt. This just makes every option
with a short and long opt that I could find in the order short opt, long
opt, for formatting's sake.
New sections are added: PAM options, crypttab options, commandline
options, miscellaneous. The last category will be used for all
untagged <varname> elements.
Commandline options sections is meant to be a developer tool: when
adding an option it is sometimes useful to be able to check if
similarly named options exist elsewhere.
Sometimes it is better to see messages in full, and the existing
set of options didn't allow this easily. E.g. now
journalctl -f --full
will behave like
tail -f /var/log/messages
of yore.
Long option only for now, since small letters are becoming
scarce, and this doesn't feel like a capital-letter-option.
'-u' would be nice, and the above command would be spelled
journalctl -fu
The message catalog can be used to attach short help texts to log lines,
keyed by their MESSAGE_ID= fields. This is useful to help the
administrator understand the context and cause of a message, find
possible solutions and find further related documentation.
Since this is keyed off MESSAGE_ID= this will only work for native
journal messages.
The message catalog supports i18n, and is useful to augment english
language system messages with explanations in the local language.
This commit only includes short explanatory messages for a few example
message IDs, we'll add more complete documentation for the relevant
systemd messages later on.
As you likely know, Arch Linux is in the process of moving to systemd.
So I was reading through the various systemd docs and quickly became
baffled by this new abbreviation "resp.", which I've never seen before
in my English-mother-tongue life.
Some quick Googling turned up a reference:
<http://www.transblawg.eu/index.php?/archives/870-Resp.-and-other-non-existent-English-wordsNicht-existente-englische-Woerter.html>
I guess it's a literal translation of the German "Beziehungsweise", but
English doesn't work the same way. The word "respectively" is used
exclusively to provide an ordering connection between two lists. E.g.
"the prefixes k, M, and G refer to kilo-, mega-, and giga-,
respectively." It is also never abbreviated to "resp." So the sentence
"Sets the default output resp. error output for all services and
sockets" makes no sense to a natural English speaker.
This patch removes all instances of "resp." in the man pages and
replaces them with sentences which are much more clear and, hopefully,
grammatically valid. In almost all instances, it was simply replacing
"resp." with "or," which the original author (Lennart?) could probably
just do in the future.
The only other instances of "resp." are in the src/ subtree, which I
don't feel privileged to correct.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Eikum <aeikum@codeweavers.com>
This splits the JSON output mode into different modes: json and
json-pretty. The former printing one entry per line, the latter showing
JSON objects nicely indented and in multiple lines to make it easier to
read for humans.
Previously, when the main data hash table grows too full the performance
simply started to decrease drastically. Instead, now simply rotate to a
new journal file as the hash table gets to full, so that we can start
with a new fresh empty hash table.
we now can take multiple matches, and they will apply as AND if they
apply to different fields and OR if they apply to the same fields. Also,
terms of this kind can be combined with an overreaching OR.
There's now sd_journal_new_directory() for watching specific journal
directories. This is exposed in journalctl -D.
sd_journal_wait() and sd_journal_process() now return whether changes in
the journal are invalidating or just appending.
We now create inotify kernel watches only when we actually need them
We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to
relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+.
Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into
relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within
systemd.
The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT.
The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now
link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.
Let's make things a bit easier to type, drop the systemd- prefix for
journalctl and loginctl, but provide the old names for compat.
All systemd binaries are hence now prefixed with "systemd-" with the
exception of the three primary user interface binaries:
systemctl
loginctl
journalctl
For those three we do provide systemd-xyz names as well, via symlinks:
systemd-systemctl → systemctl
systemd-loginctl → loginctl
systemd-journalctl → journalctl
We do this only for the *primary* user tools, in order to avoid
unnecessary namespace problems. That means tools like systemd-notify
stay the way they are.
Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek