/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/ /*** This file is part of systemd. Copyright 2014 Lennart Poettering systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with systemd; If not, see . ***/ #include #include #include "hashmap.h" #include "set.h" #include "json.h" #include "strv.h" #include "curl-util.h" #include "import-dkr.h" #include "btrfs-util.h" #include "aufs-util.h" #include "utf8.h" /* TODO: - convert json bits - man page - fall back to btrfs loop pool device */ typedef struct DkrImportJob DkrImportJob; typedef struct DkrImportName DkrImportName; typedef enum DkrImportJobType { DKR_IMPORT_JOB_IMAGES, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_TAGS, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_ANCESTRY, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_JSON, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_LAYER, } DkrImportJobType; struct DkrImportJob { DkrImport *import; DkrImportJobType type; bool done; char *url; Set *needed_by; /* DkrImport Name objects */ CURL *curl; struct curl_slist *request_header; void *payload; size_t payload_size; char *response_token; char **response_registries; char *temp_path; char *final_path; pid_t tar_pid; FILE *tar_stream; }; struct DkrImportName { DkrImport *import; char *index_url; char *name; char *tag; char *id; char *local; DkrImportJob *job_images, *job_tags, *job_ancestry, *job_json, *job_layer; char **ancestry; unsigned current_ancestry; bool force_local; }; struct DkrImport { sd_event *event; CurlGlue *glue; Hashmap *names; Hashmap *jobs; dkr_import_on_finished on_finished; void *userdata; }; #define PROTOCOL_PREFIX "https://" #define HEADER_TOKEN "X-Do" /* the HTTP header for the auth token */ "cker-Token:" #define HEADER_REGISTRY "X-Do" /*the HTTP header for the registry */ "cker-Endpoints:" #define PAYLOAD_MAX (16*1024*1024) #define LAYERS_MAX 2048 static int dkr_import_name_add_job(DkrImportName *name, DkrImportJobType type, const char *url, DkrImportJob **ret); static DkrImportJob *dkr_import_job_unref(DkrImportJob *job) { if (!job) return NULL; if (job->import) curl_glue_remove_and_free(job->import->glue, job->curl); curl_slist_free_all(job->request_header); if (job->tar_stream) fclose(job->tar_stream); free(job->final_path); if (job->temp_path) { btrfs_subvol_remove(job->temp_path); free(job->temp_path); } set_free(job->needed_by); if (job->tar_pid > 0) kill(job->tar_pid, SIGTERM); free(job->url); free(job->payload); free(job->response_token); strv_free(job->response_registries); free(job); return NULL; } static DkrImportName *dkr_import_name_unref(DkrImportName *name) { if (!name) return NULL; if (name->job_images) set_remove(name->job_images->needed_by, name); if (name->job_tags) set_remove(name->job_tags->needed_by, name); if (name->job_ancestry) set_remove(name->job_ancestry->needed_by, name); if (name->job_json) set_remove(name->job_json->needed_by, name); if (name->job_layer) set_remove(name->job_layer->needed_by, name); free(name->index_url); free(name->name); free(name->id); free(name->tag); free(name->local); strv_free(name->ancestry); free(name); return NULL; } DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(DkrImportJob*, dkr_import_job_unref); DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(DkrImportName*, dkr_import_name_unref); static void dkr_import_finish(DkrImport *import, int error) { assert(import); if (import->on_finished) import->on_finished(import, error, import->userdata); else sd_event_exit(import->event, error); } static int parse_id(const void *payload, size_t size, char **ret) { _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL, *id = NULL, *other = NULL; union json_value v = {}; void *json_state = NULL; const char *p; int t; assert(payload); assert(ret); if (size <= 0) return -EBADMSG; if (memchr(payload, 0, size)) return -EBADMSG; buf = strndup(payload, size); if (!buf) return -ENOMEM; p = buf; t = json_tokenize(&p, &id, &v, &json_state, NULL); if (t < 0) return t; if (t != JSON_STRING) return -EBADMSG; t = json_tokenize(&p, &other, &v, &json_state, NULL); if (t < 0) return t; if (t != JSON_END) return -EBADMSG; if (!dkr_id_is_valid(id)) return -EBADMSG; *ret = id; id = NULL; return 0; } static int parse_ancestry(const void *payload, size_t size, char ***ret) { _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL; void *json_state = NULL; const char *p; enum { STATE_BEGIN, STATE_ITEM, STATE_COMMA, STATE_END, } state = STATE_BEGIN; _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL; size_t n = 0, allocated = 0; if (size <= 0) return -EBADMSG; if (memchr(payload, 0, size)) return -EBADMSG; buf = strndup(payload, size); if (!buf) return -ENOMEM; p = buf; for (;;) { _cleanup_free_ char *str; union json_value v = {}; int t; t = json_tokenize(&p, &str, &v, &json_state, NULL); if (t < 0) return t; switch (state) { case STATE_BEGIN: if (t == JSON_ARRAY_OPEN) state = STATE_ITEM; else return -EBADMSG; break; case STATE_ITEM: if (t == JSON_STRING) { if (!dkr_id_is_valid(str)) return -EBADMSG; if (n+1 > LAYERS_MAX) return -EFBIG; if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(l, allocated, n + 2)) return -ENOMEM; l[n++] = str; str = NULL; l[n] = NULL; state = STATE_COMMA; } else if (t == JSON_ARRAY_CLOSE) state = STATE_END; else return -EBADMSG; break; case STATE_COMMA: if (t == JSON_COMMA) state = STATE_ITEM; else if (t == JSON_ARRAY_CLOSE) state = STATE_END; else return -EBADMSG; break; case STATE_END: if (t == JSON_END) { if (strv_isempty(l)) return -EBADMSG; if (!strv_is_uniq(l)) return -EBADMSG; l = strv_reverse(l); *ret = l; l = NULL; return 0; } else return -EBADMSG; } } } static const char *dkr_import_name_current_layer(DkrImportName *name) { assert(name); if (strv_isempty(name->ancestry)) return NULL; return name->ancestry[name->current_ancestry]; } static const char *dkr_import_name_current_base_layer(DkrImportName *name) { assert(name); if (strv_isempty(name->ancestry)) return NULL; if (name->current_ancestry <= 0) return NULL; return name->ancestry[name->current_ancestry-1]; } static char** dkr_import_name_get_registries(DkrImportName *name) { assert(name); if (!name->job_images) return NULL; if (!name->job_images->done) return NULL; if (strv_isempty(name->job_images->response_registries)) return NULL; return name->job_images->response_registries; } static const char*dkr_import_name_get_token(DkrImportName *name) { assert(name); if (!name->job_images) return NULL; if (!name->job_images->done) return NULL; return name->job_images->response_token; } static void dkr_import_name_maybe_finish(DkrImportName *name) { int r; assert(name); if (!name->job_images || !name->job_images->done) return; if (!name->job_ancestry || !name->job_ancestry->done) return; if (!name->job_json || !name->job_json->done) return; if (name->job_layer && !name->job_json->done) return; if (dkr_import_name_current_layer(name)) return; if (name->local) { const char *p, *q; assert(name->id); p = strappenda("/var/lib/container/", name->local); q = strappenda("/var/lib/container/.dkr-", name->id); if (name->force_local) { (void) btrfs_subvol_remove(p); (void) rm_rf(p, false, true, false); } r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(q, p, false, false); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to snapshot final image: %m"); dkr_import_finish(name->import, r); return; } log_info("Created new image %s.", p); } dkr_import_finish(name->import, 0); } static int dkr_import_job_run_tar(DkrImportJob *job) { _cleanup_close_pair_ int pipefd[2] = { -1, -1 }; bool gzip; assert(job); /* A stream to run tar on? */ if (!job->temp_path) return 0; if (job->tar_stream) return 0; /* Maybe fork off tar, if we have enough to figure out that * something is gzip compressed or not */ if (job->payload_size < 2) return 0; /* Detect gzip signature */ gzip = ((uint8_t*) job->payload)[0] == 0x1f && ((uint8_t*) job->payload)[1] == 0x8b; assert(!job->tar_stream); assert(job->tar_pid <= 0); if (pipe2(pipefd, O_CLOEXEC) < 0) return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create pipe for tar: %m"); job->tar_pid = fork(); if (job->tar_pid < 0) return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork off tar: %m"); if (job->tar_pid == 0) { int null_fd; reset_all_signal_handlers(); reset_signal_mask(); assert_se(prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) == 0); pipefd[1] = safe_close(pipefd[1]); if (dup2(pipefd[0], STDIN_FILENO) != STDIN_FILENO) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to dup2() fd: %m"); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (pipefd[0] != STDIN_FILENO) safe_close(pipefd[0]); if (pipefd[1] != STDIN_FILENO) safe_close(pipefd[1]); null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY); if (null_fd < 0) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/null: %m"); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (dup2(null_fd, STDOUT_FILENO) != STDOUT_FILENO) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to dup2() fd: %m"); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (null_fd != STDOUT_FILENO) safe_close(null_fd); execlp("tar", "tar", "-C", job->temp_path, gzip ? "-xz" : "-x", NULL); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } pipefd[0] = safe_close(pipefd[0]); job->tar_stream = fdopen(pipefd[1], "w"); if (!job->tar_stream) return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate tar stream: %m"); pipefd[1] = -1; if (fwrite(job->payload, 1, job->payload_size, job->tar_stream) != job->payload_size) return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't write payload: %m"); free(job->payload); job->payload = NULL; job->payload_size = 0; return 0; } static int dkr_import_name_pull_layer(DkrImportName *name) { _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL, *temp = NULL; const char *url, *layer = NULL, *base = NULL; char **rg; int r; assert(name); if (name->job_layer) { set_remove(name->job_layer->needed_by, name); name->job_layer = NULL; } for (;;) { layer = dkr_import_name_current_layer(name); if (!layer) { dkr_import_name_maybe_finish(name); return 0; } path = strjoin("/var/lib/container/.dkr-", layer, NULL); if (!path) return log_oom(); if (laccess(path, F_OK) < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) break; return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to check for container: %m"); } log_info("Layer %s already exists, skipping.", layer); name->current_ancestry++; free(path); path = NULL; } rg = dkr_import_name_get_registries(name); assert(rg && rg[0]); url = strappenda(PROTOCOL_PREFIX, rg[0], "/v1/images/", layer, "/layer"); r = dkr_import_name_add_job(name, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_LAYER, url, &name->job_layer); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue HTTP request: %m"); return r; } if (r == 0) /* Already downloading this one? */ return 0; log_info("Pulling layer %s...", layer); r = tempfn_random(path, &temp); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); base = dkr_import_name_current_base_layer(name); if (base) { const char *base_path; base_path = strappend("/var/lib/container/.dkr-", base); r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(base_path, temp, false, true); } else r = btrfs_subvol_make(temp); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make btrfs subvolume %s", temp); name->job_layer->final_path = path; name->job_layer->temp_path = temp; path = temp = NULL; return 0; } static void dkr_import_name_job_finished(DkrImportName *name, DkrImportJob *job) { int r; assert(name); assert(job); if (name->job_images == job) { const char *url; char **rg; assert(!name->job_tags); assert(!name->job_ancestry); assert(!name->job_json); assert(!name->job_layer); rg = dkr_import_name_get_registries(name); if (strv_isempty(rg)) { log_error("Didn't get registry information."); r = -EBADMSG; goto fail; } log_info("Index lookup succeeded, directed to registry %s.", rg[0]); url = strappenda(PROTOCOL_PREFIX, rg[0], "/v1/repositories/", name->name, "/tags/", name->tag); r = dkr_import_name_add_job(name, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_TAGS, url, &name->job_tags); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue HTTP request: %m"); goto fail; } } else if (name->job_tags == job) { const char *url; char *id = NULL, **rg; assert(!name->job_ancestry); assert(!name->job_json); assert(!name->job_layer); r = parse_id(job->payload, job->payload_size, &id); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse JSON id."); goto fail; } free(name->id); name->id = id; rg = dkr_import_name_get_registries(name); assert(rg && rg[0]); log_info("Tag lookup succeeded, resolved to layer %s.", name->id); url = strappenda(PROTOCOL_PREFIX, rg[0], "/v1/images/", name->id, "/ancestry"); r = dkr_import_name_add_job(name, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_ANCESTRY, url, &name->job_ancestry); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue HTTP request: %m"); goto fail; } url = strappenda(PROTOCOL_PREFIX, rg[0], "/v1/images/", name->id, "/json"); r = dkr_import_name_add_job(name, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_JSON, url, &name->job_json); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue HTTP request: %m"); goto fail; } } else if (name->job_ancestry == job) { char **ancestry = NULL, **i; unsigned n; r = parse_ancestry(job->payload, job->payload_size, &ancestry); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse JSON id."); goto fail; } n = strv_length(ancestry); if (n <= 0 || !streq(ancestry[n-1], name->id)) { log_error("Ancestry doesn't end in main layer."); r = -EBADMSG; goto fail; } log_info("Ancestor lookup succeeded, requires layers:\n"); STRV_FOREACH(i, ancestry) log_info("\t%s", *i); strv_free(name->ancestry); name->ancestry = ancestry; name->current_ancestry = 0; r = dkr_import_name_pull_layer(name); if (r < 0) goto fail; } else if (name->job_json == job) { dkr_import_name_maybe_finish(name); } else if (name->job_layer == job) { name->current_ancestry ++; r = dkr_import_name_pull_layer(name); if (r < 0) goto fail; } else assert_not_reached("Got finished event for unknown curl object"); return; fail: dkr_import_finish(name->import, r); } static void dkr_import_curl_on_finished(CurlGlue *g, CURL *curl, CURLcode result) { DkrImportJob *job = NULL; CURLcode code; DkrImportName *n; long status; Iterator i; int r; if (curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_PRIVATE, &job) != CURLE_OK) return; if (!job) return; job->done = true; if (result != CURLE_OK) { log_error("Transfer failed: %s", curl_easy_strerror(result)); r = -EIO; goto fail; } code = curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &status); if (code != CURLE_OK) { log_error("Failed to retrieve response code: %s", curl_easy_strerror(code)); r = -EIO; goto fail; } else if (status >= 300) { log_error("HTTP request to %s failed with code %li.", job->url, status); r = -EIO; goto fail; } else if (status < 200) { log_error("HTTP request to %s finished with unexpected code %li.", job->url, status); r = -EIO; goto fail; } switch (job->type) { case DKR_IMPORT_JOB_LAYER: { siginfo_t si; if (!job->tar_stream) { log_error("Downloaded layer too short."); r = -EIO; goto fail; } fclose(job->tar_stream); job->tar_stream = NULL; assert(job->tar_pid > 0); r = wait_for_terminate(job->tar_pid, &si); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for tar process: %m"); goto fail; } job->tar_pid = 0; if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED || si.si_status != EXIT_SUCCESS) { log_error_errno(r, "tar failed abnormally."); r = -EIO; goto fail; } r = aufs_resolve(job->temp_path); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't resolve aufs whiteouts: %m"); goto fail; } r = btrfs_subvol_read_only(job->temp_path, true); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mark snapshot read-only: %m"); goto fail; } if (rename(job->temp_path, job->final_path) < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to rename snapshot: %m"); goto fail; } log_info("Completed writing to layer %s", job->final_path); break; } default: ; } SET_FOREACH(n, job->needed_by, i) dkr_import_name_job_finished(n, job); return; fail: dkr_import_finish(job->import, r); } static size_t dkr_import_job_write_callback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) { DkrImportJob *j = userdata; size_t sz = size * nmemb; char *p; int r; assert(contents); assert(j); if (j->tar_stream) { size_t l; l = fwrite(contents, size, nmemb, j->tar_stream); if (l != nmemb) { r = -errno; goto fail; } return l; } if (j->payload_size + sz > PAYLOAD_MAX) { r = -EFBIG; goto fail; } p = realloc(j->payload, j->payload_size + sz); if (!p) { r = -ENOMEM; goto fail; } memcpy(p + j->payload_size, contents, sz); j->payload_size += sz; j->payload = p; r = dkr_import_job_run_tar(j); if (r < 0) goto fail; return sz; fail: dkr_import_finish(j->import, r); return 0; } static size_t dkr_import_job_header_callback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) { _cleanup_free_ char *registry = NULL; size_t sz = size * nmemb; DkrImportJob *j = userdata; char *token; int r; assert(contents); assert(j); r = curl_header_strdup(contents, sz, HEADER_TOKEN, &token); if (r < 0) { log_oom(); goto fail; } if (r > 0) { free(j->response_token); j->response_token = token; } r = curl_header_strdup(contents, sz, HEADER_REGISTRY, ®istry); if (r < 0) { log_oom(); goto fail; } if (r > 0) { char **l, **i; l = strv_split(registry, ","); if (!l) { r = log_oom(); goto fail; } STRV_FOREACH(i, l) { if (!hostname_is_valid(*i)) { log_error("Registry hostname is not valid."); strv_free(l); r = -EBADMSG; goto fail; } } strv_free(j->response_registries); j->response_registries = l; } return sz; fail: dkr_import_finish(j->import, r); return 0; } static int dkr_import_name_add_job(DkrImportName *name, DkrImportJobType type, const char *url, DkrImportJob **ret) { _cleanup_(dkr_import_job_unrefp) DkrImportJob *j = NULL; DkrImportJob *f = NULL; const char *t, *token; int r; assert(name); assert(url); assert(ret); log_info("Getting %s.", url); f = hashmap_get(name->import->jobs, url); if (f) { if (f->type != type) return -EINVAL; r = set_put(f->needed_by, name); if (r < 0) return r; return 0; } r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&name->import->jobs, &string_hash_ops); if (r < 0) return r; j = new0(DkrImportJob, 1); if (!j) return -ENOMEM; j->import = name->import; j->type = type; j->url = strdup(url); if (!j->url) return -ENOMEM; r = set_ensure_allocated(&j->needed_by, &trivial_hash_ops); if (r < 0) return r; r = curl_glue_make(&j->curl, j->url, j); if (r < 0) return r; token = dkr_import_name_get_token(name); if (token) t = strappenda("Authorization: Token ", token); else t = HEADER_TOKEN " true"; j->request_header = curl_slist_new("Accept: application/json", t, NULL); if (!j->request_header) return -ENOMEM; if (curl_easy_setopt(j->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, j->request_header) != CURLE_OK) return -EIO; if (curl_easy_setopt(j->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, dkr_import_job_write_callback) != CURLE_OK) return -EIO; if (curl_easy_setopt(j->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, j) != CURLE_OK) return -EIO; if (curl_easy_setopt(j->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, dkr_import_job_header_callback) != CURLE_OK) return -EIO; if (curl_easy_setopt(j->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERDATA, j) != CURLE_OK) return -EIO; r = curl_glue_add(name->import->glue, j->curl); if (r < 0) return r; r = hashmap_put(name->import->jobs, j->url, j); if (r < 0) return r; r = set_put(j->needed_by, name); if (r < 0) { hashmap_remove(name->import->jobs, url); return r; } *ret = j; j = NULL; return 1; } static int dkr_import_name_begin(DkrImportName *name) { const char *url; assert(name); assert(!name->job_images); url = strappenda(name->index_url, "/v1/repositories/", name->name, "/images"); return dkr_import_name_add_job(name, DKR_IMPORT_JOB_IMAGES, url, &name->job_images); } int dkr_import_new(DkrImport **import, sd_event *event, dkr_import_on_finished on_finished, void *userdata) { _cleanup_(dkr_import_unrefp) DkrImport *i = NULL; int r; assert(import); i = new0(DkrImport, 1); if (!i) return -ENOMEM; i->on_finished = on_finished; i->userdata = userdata; if (event) i->event = sd_event_ref(event); else { r = sd_event_default(&i->event); if (r < 0) return r; } r = curl_glue_new(&i->glue, i->event); if (r < 0) return r; i->glue->on_finished = dkr_import_curl_on_finished; i->glue->userdata = i; *import = i; i = NULL; return 0; } DkrImport* dkr_import_unref(DkrImport *import) { DkrImportName *n; DkrImportJob *j; if (!import) return NULL; while ((n = hashmap_steal_first(import->names))) dkr_import_name_unref(n); hashmap_free(import->names); while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(import->jobs))) dkr_import_job_unref(j); hashmap_free(import->jobs); curl_glue_unref(import->glue); sd_event_unref(import->event); free(import); return NULL; } int dkr_import_cancel(DkrImport *import, const char *name) { DkrImportName *n; assert(import); assert(name); n = hashmap_remove(import->names, name); if (!n) return 0; dkr_import_name_unref(n); return 1; } int dkr_import_pull(DkrImport *import, const char *index_url, const char *name, const char *tag, const char *local, bool force_local) { _cleanup_(dkr_import_name_unrefp) DkrImportName *n = NULL; char *e; int r; assert(import); assert(dkr_url_is_valid(index_url)); assert(dkr_name_is_valid(name)); assert(dkr_tag_is_valid(tag)); assert(!local || machine_name_is_valid(local)); if (hashmap_get(import->names, name)) return -EEXIST; r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&import->names, &string_hash_ops); if (r < 0) return r; n = new0(DkrImportName, 1); if (!n) return -ENOMEM; n->import = import; n->index_url = strdup(index_url); if (!n->index_url) return -ENOMEM; e = endswith(n->index_url, "/"); if (e) *e = NULL; n->name = strdup(name); if (!n->name) return -ENOMEM; n->tag = strdup(tag); if (!n->tag) return -ENOMEM; if (local) { n->local = strdup(local); if (!n->local) return -ENOMEM; n->force_local = force_local; } r = hashmap_put(import->names, name, n); if (r < 0) return r; r = dkr_import_name_begin(n); if (r < 0) { dkr_import_cancel(import, n->name); n = NULL; return r; } n = NULL; return 0; } bool dkr_name_is_valid(const char *name) { const char *slash, *p; if (isempty(name)) return false; slash = strchr(name, '/'); if (!slash) return false; if (!filename_is_valid(slash + 1)) return false; p = strndupa(name, slash - name); if (!filename_is_valid(p)) return false; return true; } bool dkr_id_is_valid(const char *id) { if (!filename_is_valid(id)) return false; if (!in_charset(id, "0123456789abcdef")) return false; return true; } bool dkr_url_is_valid(const char *url) { if (!startswith(url, "http://") && !startswith(url, "https://")) return false; return ascii_is_valid(url); }