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Systemd/src/shared/util.c

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/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
/***
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/vt.h>
#include <linux/tiocl.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <sys/inotify.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <linux/kd.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <glob.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/vfs.h>
#include <linux/magic.h>
#include "macro.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "ioprio.h"
#include "missing.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "label.h"
#include "path-util.h"
#include "exit-status.h"
#include "hashmap.h"
int saved_argc = 0;
char **saved_argv = NULL;
size_t page_size(void) {
static __thread size_t pgsz = 0;
long r;
if (_likely_(pgsz > 0))
return pgsz;
assert_se((r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)) > 0);
pgsz = (size_t) r;
return pgsz;
}
bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
/* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
if (a && b)
return streq(a, b);
if (!a && !b)
return true;
return false;
}
usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) {
struct timespec ts;
assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0);
return timespec_load(&ts);
}
dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_get(dual_timestamp *ts) {
assert(ts);
ts->realtime = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
return ts;
}
dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_from_realtime(dual_timestamp *ts, usec_t u) {
int64_t delta;
assert(ts);
ts->realtime = u;
if (u == 0)
ts->monotonic = 0;
else {
delta = (int64_t) now(CLOCK_REALTIME) - (int64_t) u;
ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
if ((int64_t) ts->monotonic > delta)
ts->monotonic -= delta;
else
ts->monotonic = 0;
}
return ts;
}
usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) {
assert(ts);
return
(usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
(usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
}
struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) {
assert(ts);
ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC);
return ts;
}
usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) {
assert(tv);
return
(usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
(usec_t) tv->tv_usec;
}
struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) {
assert(tv);
tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC);
return tv;
}
bool endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
size_t sl, pl;
assert(s);
assert(postfix);
sl = strlen(s);
pl = strlen(postfix);
if (pl == 0)
return true;
if (sl < pl)
return false;
return memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) == 0;
}
bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
size_t sl, pl;
assert(s);
assert(prefix);
sl = strlen(s);
pl = strlen(prefix);
if (pl == 0)
return true;
if (sl < pl)
return false;
return memcmp(s, prefix, pl) == 0;
}
bool startswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
size_t sl, pl;
unsigned i;
assert(s);
assert(prefix);
sl = strlen(s);
pl = strlen(prefix);
if (pl == 0)
return true;
if (sl < pl)
return false;
for(i = 0; i < pl; ++i) {
if (tolower(s[i]) != tolower(prefix[i]))
return false;
}
return true;
}
bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
size_t sl, wl;
assert(s);
assert(word);
sl = strlen(s);
wl = strlen(word);
if (sl < wl)
return false;
if (wl == 0)
return true;
if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
return false;
return s[wl] == 0 ||
strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]);
}
int close_nointr(int fd) {
assert(fd >= 0);
for (;;) {
int r;
r = close(fd);
if (r >= 0)
return r;
if (errno != EINTR)
return -errno;
}
}
void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) {
int saved_errno = errno;
/* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno
* is unchanged */
assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0);
errno = saved_errno;
}
void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
unsigned i;
for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
close_nointr_nofail(fds[i]);
}
int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
assert(v);
if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on"))
return 1;
else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off"))
return 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
unsigned long ul = 0;
pid_t pid;
int r;
assert(s);
assert(ret_pid);
if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0)
return r;
pid = (pid_t) ul;
if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
return -ERANGE;
if (pid <= 0)
return -ERANGE;
*ret_pid = pid;
return 0;
}
int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
unsigned long ul = 0;
uid_t uid;
int r;
assert(s);
assert(ret_uid);
if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0)
return r;
uid = (uid_t) ul;
if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
return -ERANGE;
*ret_uid = uid;
return 0;
}
int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
char *x = NULL;
unsigned long l;
assert(s);
assert(ret_u);
errno = 0;
l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
if (!x || *x || errno)
return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
return -ERANGE;
*ret_u = (unsigned) l;
return 0;
}
int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
char *x = NULL;
long l;
assert(s);
assert(ret_i);
errno = 0;
l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
if (!x || *x || errno)
return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
if ((long) (int) l != l)
return -ERANGE;
*ret_i = (int) l;
return 0;
}
int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
char *x = NULL;
unsigned long long l;
assert(s);
assert(ret_llu);
errno = 0;
l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
if (!x || *x || errno)
return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
*ret_llu = l;
return 0;
}
int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
char *x = NULL;
long long l;
assert(s);
assert(ret_lli);
errno = 0;
l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
if (!x || *x || errno)
return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
*ret_lli = l;
return 0;
}
/* Split a string into words. */
char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) {
char *current;
current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
if (!*current || *c == 0)
return NULL;
current += strspn(current, separator);
*l = strcspn(current, separator);
*state = current+*l;
return (char*) current;
}
/* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and
* "" as words even if they include spaces. */
char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) {
char *current, *e;
bool escaped = false;
current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
if (!*current || *c == 0)
return NULL;
current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE);
if (*current == '\'') {
current ++;
for (e = current; *e; e++) {
if (escaped)
escaped = false;
else if (*e == '\\')
escaped = true;
else if (*e == '\'')
break;
}
*l = e-current;
*state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
} else if (*current == '\"') {
current ++;
for (e = current; *e; e++) {
if (escaped)
escaped = false;
else if (*e == '\\')
escaped = true;
else if (*e == '\"')
break;
}
*l = e-current;
*state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
} else {
for (e = current; *e; e++) {
if (escaped)
escaped = false;
else if (*e == '\\')
escaped = true;
else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
break;
}
*l = e-current;
*state = e;
}
return (char*) current;
}
int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
int r;
FILE *f;
char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p;
long unsigned ppid;
assert(pid > 0);
assert(_ppid);
assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
char_array_0(fn);
if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
return -errno;
if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
r = feof(f) ? -EIO : -errno;
fclose(f);
return r;
}
fclose(f);
/* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
* in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
* skip over it manually */
if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
return -EIO;
p++;
if (sscanf(p, " "
"%*c " /* state */
"%lu ", /* ppid */
&ppid) != 1)
return -EIO;
if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
return -ERANGE;
*_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
return 0;
}
int get_starttime_of_pid(pid_t pid, unsigned long long *st) {
int r;
FILE *f;
char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p;
assert(pid > 0);
assert(st);
assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
char_array_0(fn);
if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
return -errno;
if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
r = feof(f) ? -EIO : -errno;
fclose(f);
return r;
}
fclose(f);
/* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
* in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
* skip over it manually */
if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
return -EIO;
p++;
if (sscanf(p, " "
"%*c " /* state */
"%*d " /* ppid */
"%*d " /* pgrp */
"%*d " /* session */
"%*d " /* tty_nr */
"%*d " /* tpgid */
"%*u " /* flags */
"%*u " /* minflt */
"%*u " /* cminflt */
"%*u " /* majflt */
"%*u " /* cmajflt */
"%*u " /* utime */
"%*u " /* stime */
"%*d " /* cutime */
"%*d " /* cstime */
"%*d " /* priority */
"%*d " /* nice */
"%*d " /* num_threads */
"%*d " /* itrealvalue */
"%llu " /* starttime */,
st) != 1)
return -EIO;
return 0;
}
int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) {
FILE *f;
int r;
assert(fn);
assert(line);
f = fopen(fn, "we");
if (!f)
return -errno;
errno = 0;
if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
fputc('\n', f);
fflush(f);
if (ferror(f)) {
if (errno != 0)
r = -errno;
else
r = -EIO;
} else
r = 0;
finish:
fclose(f);
return r;
}
int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
mode_t u;
int r;
u = umask(0777);
r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
umask(u);
return r;
}
int write_one_line_file_atomic(const char *fn, const char *line) {
FILE *f;
int r;
char *p;
assert(fn);
assert(line);
r = fopen_temporary(fn, &f, &p);
if (r < 0)
return r;
fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
errno = 0;
if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
fputc('\n', f);
fflush(f);
if (ferror(f)) {
if (errno != 0)
r = -errno;
else
r = -EIO;
} else {
if (rename(p, fn) < 0)
r = -errno;
else
r = 0;
}
finish:
if (r < 0)
unlink(p);
fclose(f);
free(p);
return r;
}
int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) {
FILE *f;
int r;
char t[LINE_MAX], *c;
assert(fn);
assert(line);
f = fopen(fn, "re");
if (!f)
return -errno;
if (!fgets(t, sizeof(t), f)) {
if (ferror(f)) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
t[0] = 0;
}
c = strdup(t);
if (!c) {
r = -ENOMEM;
goto finish;
}
truncate_nl(c);
*line = c;
r = 0;
finish:
fclose(f);
return r;
}
int read_full_file(const char *fn, char **contents, size_t *size) {
FILE *f;
int r;
size_t n, l;
char *buf = NULL;
struct stat st;
if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
return -errno;
if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
/* Safety check */
if (st.st_size > 4*1024*1024) {
r = -E2BIG;
goto finish;
}
n = st.st_size > 0 ? st.st_size : LINE_MAX;
l = 0;
for (;;) {
char *t;
size_t k;
if (!(t = realloc(buf, n+1))) {
r = -ENOMEM;
goto finish;
}
buf = t;
k = fread(buf + l, 1, n - l, f);
if (k <= 0) {
if (ferror(f)) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
break;
}
l += k;
n *= 2;
/* Safety check */
if (n > 4*1024*1024) {
r = -E2BIG;
goto finish;
}
}
buf[l] = 0;
*contents = buf;
buf = NULL;
if (size)
*size = l;
r = 0;
finish:
fclose(f);
free(buf);
return r;
}
int parse_env_file(
const char *fname,
const char *separator, ...) {
int r = 0;
char *contents = NULL, *p;
assert(fname);
assert(separator);
if ((r = read_full_file(fname, &contents, NULL)) < 0)
return r;
p = contents;
for (;;) {
const char *key = NULL;
p += strspn(p, separator);
p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE);
if (!*p)
break;
if (!strchr(COMMENTS, *p)) {
va_list ap;
char **value;
va_start(ap, separator);
while ((key = va_arg(ap, char *))) {
size_t n;
char *v;
value = va_arg(ap, char **);
n = strlen(key);
if (strncmp(p, key, n) != 0 ||
p[n] != '=')
continue;
p += n + 1;
n = strcspn(p, separator);
if (n >= 2 &&
strchr(QUOTES, p[0]) &&
p[n-1] == p[0])
v = strndup(p+1, n-2);
else
v = strndup(p, n);
if (!v) {
r = -ENOMEM;
va_end(ap);
goto fail;
}
if (v[0] == '\0') {
/* return empty value strings as NULL */
free(v);
v = NULL;
}
free(*value);
*value = v;
p += n;
r ++;
break;
}
va_end(ap);
}
if (!key)
p += strcspn(p, separator);
}
fail:
free(contents);
return r;
}
int load_env_file(
const char *fname,
char ***rl) {
FILE *f;
char **m = NULL;
int r;
assert(fname);
assert(rl);
if (!(f = fopen(fname, "re")))
return -errno;
while (!feof(f)) {
char l[LINE_MAX], *p, *u;
char **t;
if (!fgets(l, sizeof(l), f)) {
if (feof(f))
break;
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
p = strstrip(l);
if (!*p)
continue;
if (strchr(COMMENTS, *p))
continue;
if (!(u = normalize_env_assignment(p))) {
r = log_oom();
goto finish;
}
t = strv_append(m, u);
free(u);
if (!t) {
r = log_oom();
goto finish;
}
strv_free(m);
m = t;
}
r = 0;
*rl = m;
m = NULL;
finish:
if (f)
fclose(f);
strv_free(m);
return r;
}
int write_env_file(const char *fname, char **l) {
char **i, *p;
FILE *f;
int r;
r = fopen_temporary(fname, &f, &p);
if (r < 0)
return r;
fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
errno = 0;
STRV_FOREACH(i, l) {
fputs(*i, f);
fputc('\n', f);
}
fflush(f);
if (ferror(f)) {
if (errno != 0)
r = -errno;
else
r = -EIO;
} else {
if (rename(p, fname) < 0)
r = -errno;
else
r = 0;
}
if (r < 0)
unlink(p);
fclose(f);
free(p);
return r;
}
char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
assert(s);
s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
return s;
}
int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) {
int r;
assert(name);
if (pid == 0)
r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/comm", name);
else {
char *p;
if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/comm", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
free(p);
}
return r;
}
int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) {
char *r, *k;
int c;
bool space = false;
size_t left;
FILE *f;
assert(max_length > 0);
assert(line);
if (pid == 0)
f = fopen("/proc/self/cmdline", "re");
else {
char *p;
if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
f = fopen(p, "re");
free(p);
}
if (!f)
return -errno;
r = new(char, max_length);
if (!r) {
fclose(f);
return -ENOMEM;
}
k = r;
left = max_length;
while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
if (isprint(c)) {
if (space) {
if (left <= 4)
break;
*(k++) = ' ';
left--;
space = false;
}
if (left <= 4)
break;
*(k++) = (char) c;
left--;
} else
space = true;
}
if (left <= 4) {
size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
memcpy(k, "...", n);
k[n] = 0;
} else
*k = 0;
fclose(f);
/* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
if (r[0] == 0) {
char *t;
int h;
free(r);
if (!comm_fallback)
return -ENOENT;
h = get_process_comm(pid, &t);
if (h < 0)
return h;
r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL);
free(t);
if (!r)
return -ENOMEM;
}
*line = r;
return 0;
}
int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) {
char *p;
size_t count;
char c;
bool eof;
FILE *f;
if (pid == 0)
return 0;
if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
f = fopen(p, "re");
free(p);
if (!f)
return -errno;
count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
eof = feof(f);
fclose(f);
/* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */
if (count <= 0)
return eof ? 1 : -errno;
return 0;
}
int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) {
int r;
assert(name);
if (pid == 0)
r = readlink_malloc("/proc/self/exe", name);
else {
char *p;
if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/exe", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = readlink_malloc(p, name);
free(p);
}
return r;
}
int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) {
char *p;
FILE *f;
int r;
assert(uid);
if (pid == 0)
return getuid();
if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/status", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
f = fopen(p, "re");
free(p);
if (!f)
return -errno;
while (!feof(f)) {
char line[LINE_MAX], *l;
if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
if (feof(f))
break;
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
l = strstrip(line);
if (startswith(l, "Uid:")) {
l += 4;
l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE);
l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0;
r = parse_uid(l, uid);
goto finish;
}
}
r = -EIO;
finish:
fclose(f);
return r;
}
char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
size_t a;
char *r;
if (!s && !suffix)
return strdup("");
if (!s)
return strndup(suffix, b);
if (!suffix)
return strdup(s);
assert(s);
assert(suffix);
a = strlen(s);
if (!(r = new(char, a+b+1)))
return NULL;
memcpy(r, s, a);
memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
r[a+b] = 0;
return r;
}
char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
}
int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) {
size_t l = 100;
assert(p);
assert(r);
for (;;) {
char *c;
ssize_t n;
if (!(c = new(char, l)))
return -ENOMEM;
if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) {
int ret = -errno;
free(c);
return ret;
}
if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
c[n] = 0;
*r = c;
return 0;
}
free(c);
l *= 2;
}
}
int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
char *target, *k;
int j;
assert(p);
assert(r);
if ((j = readlink_malloc(p, &target)) < 0)
return j;
k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
free(target);
if (!k)
return -ENOMEM;
*r = k;
return 0;
}
int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
char *t, *s;
int j;
assert(p);
assert(r);
j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
if (j < 0)
return j;
s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
if (s) {
free(t);
*r = s;
} else
*r = t;
path_kill_slashes(*r);
return 0;
}
int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
int sig;
for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
struct sigaction sa;
if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
continue;
zero(sa);
sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
/* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
* glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
if (errno != EINVAL)
return -errno;
}
return 0;
}
char *strstrip(char *s) {
char *e;
/* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
* place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --)
if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1]))
break;
*e = 0;
return s;
}
char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
char *f, *t;
/* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
if (strchr(bad, *f))
continue;
*(t++) = *f;
}
*t = 0;
return s;
}
bool in_charset(const char *s, const char* charset) {
const char *i;
assert(s);
assert(charset);
for (i = s; *i; i++)
if (!strchr(charset, *i))
return false;
return true;
}
char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
char *e, *r;
size_t k;
assert(path);
assert(filename);
/* This removes the last component of path and appends
* filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
* former isn't */
if (path_is_absolute(filename))
return strdup(filename);
if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
return strdup(filename);
k = strlen(filename);
if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
return NULL;
memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
return r;
}
int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
size_t l;
int r = 0;
assert(path);
assert(stop);
l = strlen(path);
/* Skip trailing slashes */
while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
l--;
while (l > 0) {
char *t;
/* Skip last component */
while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
l--;
/* Skip trailing slashes */
while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
l--;
if (l <= 0)
break;
if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
return -ENOMEM;
if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
free(t);
return 0;
}
r = rmdir(t);
free(t);
if (r < 0)
if (errno != ENOENT)
return -errno;
}
return 0;
}
char hexchar(int x) {
static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
return table[x & 15];
}
int unhexchar(char c) {
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
return c - '0';
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
return c - 'a' + 10;
if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
return c - 'A' + 10;
return -1;
}
char octchar(int x) {
return '0' + (x & 7);
}
int unoctchar(char c) {
if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
return c - '0';
return -1;
}
char decchar(int x) {
return '0' + (x % 10);
}
int undecchar(char c) {
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
return c - '0';
return -1;
}
char *cescape(const char *s) {
char *r, *t;
const char *f;
assert(s);
/* Does C style string escaping. */
r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1);
if (!r)
return NULL;
for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
switch (*f) {
case '\a':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'a';
break;
case '\b':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'b';
break;
case '\f':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'f';
break;
case '\n':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'n';
break;
case '\r':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'r';
break;
case '\t':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 't';
break;
case '\v':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'v';
break;
case '\\':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = '\\';
break;
case '"':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = '"';
break;
case '\'':
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = '\'';
break;
default:
/* For special chars we prefer octal over
* hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
* g_strescape() does the same */
if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
*(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
*(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
} else
*(t++) = *f;
break;
}
*t = 0;
return r;
}
char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
char *r, *t;
const char *f;
assert(s);
/* Undoes C style string escaping */
r = new(char, length+1);
if (!r)
return r;
for (f = s, t = r; f < s + length; f++) {
if (*f != '\\') {
*(t++) = *f;
continue;
}
f++;
switch (*f) {
case 'a':
*(t++) = '\a';
break;
case 'b':
*(t++) = '\b';
break;
case 'f':
*(t++) = '\f';
break;
case 'n':
*(t++) = '\n';
break;
case 'r':
*(t++) = '\r';
break;
case 't':
*(t++) = '\t';
break;
case 'v':
*(t++) = '\v';
break;
case '\\':
*(t++) = '\\';
break;
case '"':
*(t++) = '"';
break;
case '\'':
*(t++) = '\'';
break;
case 's':
/* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
*(t++) = ' ';
break;
case 'x': {
/* hexadecimal encoding */
int a, b;
a = unhexchar(f[1]);
b = unhexchar(f[2]);
if (a < 0 || b < 0) {
/* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'x';
} else {
*(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
f += 2;
}
break;
}
case '0':
case '1':
case '2':
case '3':
case '4':
case '5':
case '6':
case '7': {
/* octal encoding */
int a, b, c;
a = unoctchar(f[0]);
b = unoctchar(f[1]);
c = unoctchar(f[2]);
if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0) {
/* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = f[0];
} else {
*(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
f += 2;
}
break;
}
case 0:
/* premature end of string.*/
*(t++) = '\\';
goto finish;
default:
/* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = *f;
break;
}
}
finish:
*t = 0;
return r;
}
char *cunescape(const char *s) {
return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
}
char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
char *r, *t;
const char *f;
/* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
* chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
* cunescape. */
if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4+1)))
return NULL;
for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
(*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
*(t++) = '\\';
*(t++) = 'x';
*(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
*(t++) = hexchar(*f);
} else
*(t++) = *f;
}
*t = 0;
return r;
}
char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) {
char *r, *t;
const char *f;
assert(s);
/* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal
* with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */
if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1)))
return NULL;
for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') &&
!(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') &&
!(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) {
*(t++) = '_';
*(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
*(t++) = hexchar(*f);
} else
*(t++) = *f;
}
*t = 0;
return r;
}
char *bus_path_unescape(const char *f) {
char *r, *t;
assert(f);
if (!(r = strdup(f)))
return NULL;
for (t = r; *f; f++) {
if (*f == '_') {
int a, b;
if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
(b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
/* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
*(t++) = '_';
} else {
*(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
f += 2;
}
} else
*(t++) = *f;
}
*t = 0;
return r;
}
char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
char *p;
assert(t);
for (p = t; *p; p++)
if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
*p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
return t;
}
bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
assert(filename);
return
filename[0] == '.' ||
streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
endswith(filename, "~") ||
endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
endswith(filename, ".swp");
}
int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
int flags;
assert(fd >= 0);
if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
return -errno;
if (nonblock)
flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
else
flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
int flags;
assert(fd >= 0);
if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cloexec)
flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
else
flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC;
if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) {
unsigned i;
assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset);
for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++)
if (fdset[i] == fd)
return true;
return false;
}
int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
DIR *d;
struct dirent *de;
int r = 0;
assert(n_except == 0 || except);
d = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
if (!d) {
int fd;
struct rlimit rl;
/* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots)
* the fallback is brute forcing through the fd
* table */
assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0);
for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) {
if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
continue;
if (close_nointr(fd) < 0)
if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
r = -errno;
}
return r;
}
while ((de = readdir(d))) {
int fd = -1;
if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
continue;
if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
/* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
continue;
if (fd < 3)
continue;
if (fd == dirfd(d))
continue;
if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
continue;
if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
/* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
r = -errno;
}
}
closedir(d);
return r;
}
bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
const char *p;
/* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
for (p = a; *p; p++)
if (strchr(b, *p))
return true;
return false;
}
char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
struct tm tm;
time_t sec;
assert(buf);
assert(l > 0);
if (t <= 0)
return NULL;
sec = (time_t) (t / USEC_PER_SEC);
if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0)
return NULL;
return buf;
}
char *format_timestamp_pretty(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
usec_t n, d;
n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
if (t <= 0 || t > n || t + USEC_PER_DAY*7 <= t)
return NULL;
d = n - t;
if (d >= USEC_PER_YEAR)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llu years and %llu months ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_YEAR),
(unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_YEAR) / USEC_PER_MONTH));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_MONTH)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llu months and %llu days ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MONTH),
(unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MONTH) / USEC_PER_DAY));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_WEEK)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llu weeks and %llu days ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_WEEK),
(unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_WEEK) / USEC_PER_DAY));
else if (d >= 2*USEC_PER_DAY)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llu days ago", (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_DAY));
else if (d >= 25*USEC_PER_HOUR)
snprintf(buf, l, "1 day and %lluh ago",
(unsigned long long) ((d - USEC_PER_DAY) / USEC_PER_HOUR));
else if (d >= 6*USEC_PER_HOUR)
snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_HOUR)
snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh %llumin ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR),
(unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_HOUR) / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
else if (d >= 5*USEC_PER_MINUTE)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_MINUTE)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin %llus ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE),
(unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MINUTE) / USEC_PER_SEC));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_SEC)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llus ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_SEC));
else if (d >= USEC_PER_MSEC)
snprintf(buf, l, "%llums ago",
(unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MSEC));
else if (d > 0)
snprintf(buf, l, "%lluus ago",
(unsigned long long) d);
else
snprintf(buf, l, "now");
buf[l-1] = 0;
return buf;
}
char *format_timespan(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
static const struct {
const char *suffix;
usec_t usec;
} table[] = {
{ "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
{ "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
{ "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
{ "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
{ "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
{ "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
{ "us", 1 },
};
unsigned i;
char *p = buf;
assert(buf);
assert(l > 0);
if (t == (usec_t) -1)
return NULL;
if (t == 0) {
snprintf(p, l, "0");
p[l-1] = 0;
return p;
}
/* The result of this function can be parsed with parse_usec */
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) {
int k;
size_t n;
if (t < table[i].usec)
continue;
if (l <= 1)
break;
k = snprintf(p, l, "%s%llu%s", p > buf ? " " : "", (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].usec), table[i].suffix);
n = MIN((size_t) k, l);
l -= n;
p += n;
t %= table[i].usec;
}
*p = 0;
return buf;
}
bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
static const char * const table[] = {
"cifs",
"smbfs",
"ncpfs",
"nfs",
"nfs4",
"gfs",
"gfs2"
};
unsigned i;
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
if (streq(table[i], fstype))
return true;
return false;
}
int chvt(int vt) {
int fd, r = 0;
if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
return -errno;
if (vt < 0) {
int tiocl[2] = {
TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
0
};
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto fail;
}
vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
}
if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
r = -errno;
fail:
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return r;
}
int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) {
struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
char c;
char line[LINE_MAX];
assert(f);
assert(ret);
if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
new_termios = old_termios;
new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
size_t k;
if (t != (usec_t) -1) {
if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) {
tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
return -ETIMEDOUT;
}
}
k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
if (k <= 0)
return -EIO;
if (need_nl)
*need_nl = c != '\n';
*ret = c;
return 0;
}
}
if (t != (usec_t) -1)
if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0)
return -ETIMEDOUT;
if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
return -EIO;
truncate_nl(line);
if (strlen(line) != 1)
return -EBADMSG;
if (need_nl)
*need_nl = false;
*ret = line[0];
return 0;
}
int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
bool on_tty;
assert(ret);
assert(replies);
assert(text);
on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
for (;;) {
va_list ap;
char c;
int r;
bool need_nl = true;
if (on_tty)
fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
va_start(ap, text);
vprintf(text, ap);
va_end(ap);
if (on_tty)
fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
fflush(stdout);
r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, (usec_t) -1, &need_nl);
if (r < 0) {
if (r == -EBADMSG) {
puts("Bad input, please try again.");
continue;
}
putchar('\n');
return r;
}
if (need_nl)
putchar('\n');
if (strchr(replies, c)) {
*ret = c;
return 0;
}
puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
}
}
int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) {
struct termios termios;
int r = 0;
/* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
assert(fd >= 0);
/* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
* Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
* interfere with that. */
/* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
/* Switch to text mode */
if (switch_to_text)
ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT);
/* Enable console unicode mode */
ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE);
if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
/* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
* hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
* else will do that for us */
termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
r = -errno;
finish:
/* Just in case, flush all crap out */
tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
return r;
}
int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
int fd, r;
fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return r;
}
int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
int fd, r;
unsigned c = 0;
/*
* If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
* cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
* changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
* retrying a couple of times.
*
* https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
*/
for (;;) {
fd = open(name, mode);
if (fd >= 0)
break;
if (errno != EIO)
return -errno;
/* Max 1s in total */
if (c >= 20)
return -errno;
usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
c++;
}
if (fd < 0)
return -errno;
r = isatty(fd);
if (r < 0) {
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -errno;
}
if (!r) {
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -ENOTTY;
}
return fd;
}
int flush_fd(int fd) {
struct pollfd pollfd;
zero(pollfd);
pollfd.fd = fd;
pollfd.events = POLLIN;
for (;;) {
char buf[LINE_MAX];
ssize_t l;
int r;
if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
return -errno;
}
if (r == 0)
return 0;
if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
if (errno == EAGAIN)
return 0;
return -errno;
}
if (l <= 0)
return 0;
}
}
int acquire_terminal(
const char *name,
bool fail,
bool force,
bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm,
usec_t timeout) {
int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1;
usec_t ts = 0;
struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new;
assert(name);
/* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
* create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
* it, so that we don't lose any event.
*
* Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
* device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
* tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
* rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
* its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
* as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
* on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
* problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
if (timeout != (usec_t) -1)
ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
if (!fail && !force) {
notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != (usec_t) -1 ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0));
if (notify < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto fail;
}
wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE);
if (wd < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto fail;
}
}
for (;;) {
if (notify >= 0) {
r = flush_fd(notify);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
}
/* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
* value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
* successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
/* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
* if we already own the tty. */
zero(sa_new);
sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
/* First, try to get the tty */
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0)
r = -errno;
assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
/* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
* returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
* are have this controlling terminal. */
if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
r = 0;
if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) {
goto fail;
}
if (r >= 0)
break;
assert(!fail);
assert(!force);
assert(notify >= 0);
for (;;) {
uint8_t inotify_buffer[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + FILENAME_MAX];
ssize_t l;
struct inotify_event *e;
if (timeout != (usec_t) -1) {
usec_t n;
n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
if (ts + timeout < n) {
r = -ETIMEDOUT;
goto fail;
}
r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n);
if (r < 0)
goto fail;
if (r == 0) {
r = -ETIMEDOUT;
goto fail;
}
}
l = read(notify, inotify_buffer, sizeof(inotify_buffer));
if (l < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
continue;
r = -errno;
goto fail;
}
e = (struct inotify_event*) inotify_buffer;
while (l > 0) {
size_t step;
if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
r = -EIO;
goto fail;
}
step = sizeof(struct inotify_event) + e->len;
assert(step <= (size_t) l);
e = (struct inotify_event*) ((uint8_t*) e + step);
l -= step;
}
break;
}
/* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
* ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
* we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
* an endless loop. */
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
}
if (notify >= 0)
close_nointr_nofail(notify);
r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
if (r < 0)
log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
return fd;
fail:
if (fd >= 0)
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
if (notify >= 0)
close_nointr_nofail(notify);
return r;
}
int release_terminal(void) {
int r = 0, fd;
struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new;
if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
return -errno;
/* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
* by our own TIOCNOTTY */
zero(sa_new);
sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
r = -errno;
assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return r;
}
int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
va_list ap;
int r = 0, sig;
va_start(ap, sa);
while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
r = -errno;
va_end(ap);
return r;
}
int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
struct sigaction sa;
va_list ap;
int r = 0;
zero(sa);
sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
r = -errno;
va_start(ap, sig);
while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
r = -errno;
va_end(ap);
return r;
}
int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
struct sigaction sa;
va_list ap;
int r = 0;
zero(sa);
sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
r = -errno;
va_start(ap, sig);
while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
r = -errno;
va_end(ap);
return r;
}
int close_pipe(int p[]) {
int a = 0, b = 0;
assert(p);
if (p[0] >= 0) {
a = close_nointr(p[0]);
p[0] = -1;
}
if (p[1] >= 0) {
b = close_nointr(p[1]);
p[1] = -1;
}
return a < 0 ? a : b;
}
ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
uint8_t *p;
ssize_t n = 0;
assert(fd >= 0);
assert(buf);
p = buf;
while (nbytes > 0) {
ssize_t k;
if ((k = read(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) {
if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
continue;
if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
struct pollfd pollfd;
zero(pollfd);
pollfd.fd = fd;
pollfd.events = POLLIN;
if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
}
if (pollfd.revents != POLLIN)
return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
continue;
}
return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
}
p += k;
nbytes -= k;
n += k;
}
return n;
}
ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
const uint8_t *p;
ssize_t n = 0;
assert(fd >= 0);
assert(buf);
p = buf;
while (nbytes > 0) {
ssize_t k;
k = write(fd, p, nbytes);
if (k <= 0) {
if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
continue;
if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
struct pollfd pollfd;
zero(pollfd);
pollfd.fd = fd;
pollfd.events = POLLOUT;
if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
}
if (pollfd.revents != POLLOUT)
return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
continue;
}
return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
}
p += k;
nbytes -= k;
n += k;
}
return n;
}
int parse_usec(const char *t, usec_t *usec) {
static const struct {
const char *suffix;
usec_t usec;
} table[] = {
{ "sec", USEC_PER_SEC },
{ "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
{ "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
{ "hr", USEC_PER_HOUR },
{ "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
{ "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
{ "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
{ "msec", USEC_PER_MSEC },
{ "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
{ "m", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
{ "usec", 1ULL },
{ "us", 1ULL },
{ "", USEC_PER_SEC }, /* default is sec */
};
const char *p;
usec_t r = 0;
assert(t);
assert(usec);
p = t;
do {
long long l;
char *e;
unsigned i;
errno = 0;
l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
if (errno != 0)
return -errno;
if (l < 0)
return -ERANGE;
if (e == p)
return -EINVAL;
e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
r += (usec_t) l * table[i].usec;
p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
break;
}
if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table))
return -EINVAL;
} while (*p != 0);
*usec = r;
return 0;
}
int parse_nsec(const char *t, nsec_t *nsec) {
static const struct {
const char *suffix;
nsec_t nsec;
} table[] = {
{ "sec", NSEC_PER_SEC },
{ "s", NSEC_PER_SEC },
{ "min", NSEC_PER_MINUTE },
{ "hr", NSEC_PER_HOUR },
{ "h", NSEC_PER_HOUR },
{ "d", NSEC_PER_DAY },
{ "w", NSEC_PER_WEEK },
{ "msec", NSEC_PER_MSEC },
{ "ms", NSEC_PER_MSEC },
{ "m", NSEC_PER_MINUTE },
{ "usec", NSEC_PER_USEC },
{ "us", NSEC_PER_USEC },
{ "nsec", 1ULL },
{ "ns", 1ULL },
{ "", 1ULL }, /* default is nsec */
};
const char *p;
nsec_t r = 0;
assert(t);
assert(nsec);
p = t;
do {
long long l;
char *e;
unsigned i;
errno = 0;
l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
if (errno != 0)
return -errno;
if (l < 0)
return -ERANGE;
if (e == p)
return -EINVAL;
e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
r += (nsec_t) l * table[i].nsec;
p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
break;
}
if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table))
return -EINVAL;
} while (*p != 0);
*nsec = r;
return 0;
}
int parse_bytes(const char *t, off_t *bytes) {
static const struct {
const char *suffix;
off_t factor;
} table[] = {
{ "B", 1 },
{ "K", 1024ULL },
{ "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "", 1 },
};
const char *p;
off_t r = 0;
assert(t);
assert(bytes);
p = t;
do {
long long l;
char *e;
unsigned i;
errno = 0;
l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
if (errno != 0)
return -errno;
if (l < 0)
return -ERANGE;
if (e == p)
return -EINVAL;
e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
r += (off_t) l * table[i].factor;
p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
break;
}
if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table))
return -EINVAL;
} while (*p != 0);
*bytes = r;
return 0;
}
int make_stdio(int fd) {
int r, s, t;
assert(fd >= 0);
r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
if (fd >= 3)
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
return -errno;
fd_cloexec(STDIN_FILENO, false);
fd_cloexec(STDOUT_FILENO, false);
fd_cloexec(STDERR_FILENO, false);
return 0;
}
int make_null_stdio(void) {
int null_fd;
null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
if (null_fd < 0)
return -errno;
return make_stdio(null_fd);
}
bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
/* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
* sysfs or in /dev */
return
path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
}
int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
DIR *d;
int r;
struct dirent buf, *de;
if (!(d = opendir(path)))
return -errno;
for (;;) {
if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) > 0) {
r = -r;
break;
}
if (!de) {
r = 1;
break;
}
if (!ignore_file(de->d_name)) {
r = 0;
break;
}
}
closedir(d);
return r;
}
unsigned long long random_ull(void) {
int fd;
uint64_t ull;
ssize_t r;
if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
goto fallback;
r = loop_read(fd, &ull, sizeof(ull), true);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
if (r != sizeof(ull))
goto fallback;
return ull;
fallback:
return random() * RAND_MAX + random();
}
void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
assert(name);
/* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the
* comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used
* name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars
* applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length
* of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of
* "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be
* truncated */
prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
if (program_invocation_name)
strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
if (saved_argc > 0) {
int i;
if (saved_argv[0])
strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
if (!saved_argv[i])
break;
memset(saved_argv[i], 0, strlen(saved_argv[i]));
}
}
}
void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
va_list ap;
int sig;
assert(ss);
va_start(ap, ss);
while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
va_end(ap);
}
char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
struct utsname u;
assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"))
return strdup(u.nodename);
return strdup(u.sysname);
}
bool hostname_is_set(void) {
struct utsname u;
assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)");
}
static char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) {
long bufsize;
char *buf, *name;
struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
/* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
if (uid == 0)
return strdup("root");
bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
if (bufsize <= 0)
bufsize = 4096;
buf = malloc(bufsize);
if (!buf)
return NULL;
if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw) {
name = strdup(pw->pw_name);
free(buf);
return name;
}
free(buf);
if (asprintf(&name, "%lu", (unsigned long) uid) < 0)
return NULL;
return name;
}
char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
uid_t uid;
struct stat st;
if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
uid = st.st_uid;
else
uid = getuid();
return lookup_uid(uid);
}
char *getusername_malloc(void) {
const char *e;
e = getenv("USER");
if (e)
return strdup(e);
return lookup_uid(getuid());
}
int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **r) {
char path[PATH_MAX], *c;
int k;
assert(r);
if ((k = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path))) != 0)
return -k;
char_array_0(path);
if (!(c = strdup(startswith(path, "/dev/") ? path + 5 : path)))
return -ENOMEM;
*r = c;
return 0;
}
int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
int k;
char *s;
if ((k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s)) < 0)
return k;
if (streq(s, "tty")) {
free(s);
return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
}
*r = s;
return 0;
}
int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
int k;
char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *fn;
unsigned long ttynr;
FILE *f;
if (asprintf(&fn, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) (pid <= 0 ? getpid() : pid)) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
f = fopen(fn, "re");
free(fn);
if (!f)
return -errno;
if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
k = feof(f) ? -EIO : -errno;
fclose(f);
return k;
}
fclose(f);
p = strrchr(line, ')');
if (!p)
return -EIO;
p++;
if (sscanf(p, " "
"%*c " /* state */
"%*d " /* ppid */
"%*d " /* pgrp */
"%*d " /* session */
"%lu ", /* ttynr */
&ttynr) != 1)
return -EIO;
*d = (dev_t) ttynr;
return 0;
}
int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
int k;
char fn[PATH_MAX], *s, *b, *p;
dev_t devnr;
assert(r);
k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
if (k < 0)
return k;
snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
char_array_0(fn);
if ((k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s)) < 0) {
if (k != -ENOENT)
return k;
/* This is an ugly hack */
if (major(devnr) == 136) {
if (asprintf(&b, "pts/%lu", (unsigned long) minor(devnr)) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
*r = b;
if (_devnr)
*_devnr = devnr;
return 0;
}
/* Probably something like the ptys which have no
* symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
* vaguely useful. */
if (!(b = strdup(fn + 5)))
return -ENOMEM;
*r = b;
if (_devnr)
*_devnr = devnr;
return 0;
}
if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
p = s + 5;
else if (startswith(s, "../"))
p = s + 3;
else
p = s;
b = strdup(p);
free(s);
if (!b)
return -ENOMEM;
*r = b;
if (_devnr)
*_devnr = devnr;
return 0;
}
int rm_rf_children_dangerous(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
DIR *d;
int ret = 0;
assert(fd >= 0);
/* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
* tries to go on. This closes the passed fd. */
d = fdopendir(fd);
if (!d) {
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
}
for (;;) {
struct dirent buf, *de;
bool is_dir, keep_around;
struct stat st;
int r;
r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de);
if (r != 0 && ret == 0) {
ret = -r;
break;
}
if (!de)
break;
if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
continue;
if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN ||
honour_sticky ||
(de->d_type == DT_DIR && root_dev)) {
if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
ret = -errno;
continue;
}
is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
keep_around =
honour_sticky &&
(st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
(st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
} else {
is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
keep_around = false;
}
if (is_dir) {
int subdir_fd;
/* if root_dev is set, remove subdirectories only, if device is same as dir */
if (root_dev && st.st_dev != root_dev->st_dev)
continue;
subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name,
O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
if (subdir_fd < 0) {
if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
ret = -errno;
continue;
}
r = rm_rf_children(subdir_fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
if (r < 0 && ret == 0)
ret = r;
if (!keep_around)
if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
ret = -errno;
}
} else if (!only_dirs && !keep_around) {
if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
ret = -errno;
}
}
}
closedir(d);
return ret;
}
int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
struct statfs s;
assert(fd >= 0);
if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -errno;
}
/* We refuse to clean disk file systems with this call. This
* is extra paranoia just to be sure we never ever remove
* non-state data */
if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC &&
s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) {
log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -EPERM;
}
return rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
}
static int rm_rf_internal(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky, bool dangerous) {
int fd, r;
struct statfs s;
assert(path);
/* We refuse to clean the root file system with this
* call. This is extra paranoia to never cause a really
* seriously broken system. */
if (path_equal(path, "/")) {
log_error("Attempted to remove entire root file system, and we can't allow that.");
return -EPERM;
}
fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
if (fd < 0) {
if (errno != ENOTDIR)
return -errno;
if (!dangerous) {
if (statfs(path, &s) < 0)
return -errno;
if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC &&
s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) {
log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
return -EPERM;
}
}
if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
if (!dangerous) {
if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -errno;
}
if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC &&
s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) {
log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return -EPERM;
}
}
r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, NULL);
if (delete_root) {
if (honour_sticky && file_is_priv_sticky(path) > 0)
return r;
if (rmdir(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
if (r == 0)
r = -errno;
}
}
return r;
}
int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, false);
}
int rm_rf_dangerous(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, true);
}
int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
assert(path);
/* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
* first change the access mode and only then hand out
* ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
if (mode != (mode_t) -1)
if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
return -errno;
if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1)
if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
assert(fd >= 0);
/* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
* first change the access mode and only then hand out
* ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0)
return -errno;
if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
cpu_set_t *r;
unsigned n = 1024;
/* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
for (;;) {
if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
return NULL;
if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
if (ncpus)
*ncpus = n;
return r;
}
CPU_FREE(r);
if (errno != EINVAL)
return NULL;
n *= 2;
}
}
void status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, const char *format, va_list ap) {
char *s = NULL;
static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */
int fd = -1;
struct iovec iovec[5];
int n = 0;
assert(format);
/* This is independent of logging, as status messages are
* optional and go exclusively to the console. */
if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
goto finish;
fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
goto finish;
if (ellipse) {
char *e;
size_t emax, sl;
int c;
c = fd_columns(fd);
if (c <= 0)
c = 80;
sl = status ? strlen(status_indent) : 0;
emax = c - sl - 1;
if (emax < 3)
emax = 3;
e = ellipsize(s, emax, 75);
if (e) {
free(s);
s = e;
}
}
zero(iovec);
if (status) {
if (!isempty(status)) {
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "[");
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status);
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] ");
} else
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent);
}
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s);
IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n");
writev(fd, iovec, n);
finish:
free(s);
if (fd >= 0)
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
}
void status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, const char *format, ...) {
va_list ap;
assert(format);
va_start(ap, format);
status_vprintf(status, ellipse, format, ap);
va_end(ap);
}
void status_welcome(void) {
char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL;
const char *const_pretty = NULL, *const_color = NULL;
int r;
if ((r = parse_env_file("/etc/os-release", NEWLINE,
"PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
"ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
NULL)) < 0) {
if (r != -ENOENT)
log_warning("Failed to read /etc/os-release: %s", strerror(-r));
}
if (!pretty_name && !const_pretty)
const_pretty = "Linux";
if (!ansi_color && !const_color)
const_color = "1";
status_printf(NULL,
false,
"\nWelcome to \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n",
const_color ? const_color : ansi_color,
const_pretty ? const_pretty : pretty_name);
free(ansi_color);
free(pretty_name);
}
char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
enum {
WORD,
CURLY,
VARIABLE
} state = WORD;
const char *e, *word = format;
char *r = NULL, *k;
assert(format);
for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
switch (state) {
case WORD:
if (*e == '$')
state = CURLY;
break;
case CURLY:
if (*e == '{') {
if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1)))
goto fail;
free(r);
r = k;
word = e-1;
state = VARIABLE;
} else if (*e == '$') {
if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
goto fail;
free(r);
r = k;
word = e+1;
state = WORD;
} else
state = WORD;
break;
case VARIABLE:
if (*e == '}') {
const char *t;
if (!(t = strv_env_get_with_length(env, word+2, e-word-2)))
t = "";
if (!(k = strappend(r, t)))
goto fail;
free(r);
r = k;
word = e+1;
state = WORD;
}
break;
}
}
if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
goto fail;
free(r);
return k;
fail:
free(r);
return NULL;
}
char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
char **r, **i;
unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
l = strv_length(argv);
if (!(r = new(char*, l+1)))
return NULL;
STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
/* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
char *e;
char **w, **m;
unsigned q;
if ((e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1))) {
if (!(m = strv_split_quoted(e))) {
r[k] = NULL;
strv_free(r);
return NULL;
}
} else
m = NULL;
q = strv_length(m);
l = l + q - 1;
if (!(w = realloc(r, sizeof(char*) * (l+1)))) {
r[k] = NULL;
strv_free(r);
strv_free(m);
return NULL;
}
r = w;
if (m) {
memcpy(r + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
free(m);
}
k += q;
continue;
}
/* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
if (!(r[k++] = replace_env(*i, env))) {
strv_free(r);
return NULL;
}
}
r[k] = NULL;
return r;
}
int fd_columns(int fd) {
struct winsize ws;
zero(ws);
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
return -errno;
if (ws.ws_col <= 0)
return -EIO;
return ws.ws_col;
}
unsigned columns(void) {
static __thread int parsed_columns = 0;
const char *e;
if (_likely_(parsed_columns > 0))
return parsed_columns;
e = getenv("COLUMNS");
if (e)
parsed_columns = atoi(e);
if (parsed_columns <= 0)
parsed_columns = fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO);
if (parsed_columns <= 0)
parsed_columns = 80;
return parsed_columns;
}
int fd_lines(int fd) {
struct winsize ws;
zero(ws);
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
return -errno;
if (ws.ws_row <= 0)
return -EIO;
return ws.ws_row;
}
unsigned lines(void) {
static __thread int parsed_lines = 0;
const char *e;
if (_likely_(parsed_lines > 0))
return parsed_lines;
e = getenv("LINES");
if (e)
parsed_lines = atoi(e);
if (parsed_lines <= 0)
parsed_lines = fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO);
if (parsed_lines <= 0)
parsed_lines = 25;
return parsed_lines;
}
int running_in_chroot(void) {
struct stat a, b;
zero(a);
zero(b);
/* Only works as root */
if (stat("/proc/1/root", &a) < 0)
return -errno;
if (stat("/", &b) < 0)
return -errno;
return
a.st_dev != b.st_dev ||
a.st_ino != b.st_ino;
}
char *ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
size_t x;
char *r;
assert(s);
assert(percent <= 100);
assert(new_length >= 3);
if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
return strndup(s, old_length);
r = new0(char, new_length+1);
if (!r)
return r;
x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
if (x > new_length - 3)
x = new_length - 3;
memcpy(r, s, x);
r[x] = '.';
r[x+1] = '.';
r[x+2] = '.';
memcpy(r + x + 3,
s + old_length - (new_length - x - 3),
new_length - x - 3);
return r;
}
char *ellipsize(const char *s, size_t length, unsigned percent) {
return ellipsize_mem(s, strlen(s), length, percent);
}
int touch(const char *path) {
int fd;
assert(path);
if ((fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644)) < 0)
return -errno;
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return 0;
}
char *unquote(const char *s, const char* quotes) {
size_t l;
assert(s);
l = strlen(s);
if (l < 2)
return strdup(s);
if (strchr(quotes, s[0]) && s[l-1] == s[0])
return strndup(s+1, l-2);
return strdup(s);
}
char *normalize_env_assignment(const char *s) {
char *name, *value, *p, *r;
p = strchr(s, '=');
if (!p) {
if (!(r = strdup(s)))
return NULL;
return strstrip(r);
}
if (!(name = strndup(s, p - s)))
return NULL;
if (!(p = strdup(p+1))) {
free(name);
return NULL;
}
value = unquote(strstrip(p), QUOTES);
free(p);
if (!value) {
free(name);
return NULL;
}
if (asprintf(&r, "%s=%s", name, value) < 0)
r = NULL;
free(value);
free(name);
return r;
}
int wait_for_terminate(pid_t pid, siginfo_t *status) {
siginfo_t dummy;
assert(pid >= 1);
if (!status)
status = &dummy;
for (;;) {
zero(*status);
if (waitid(P_PID, pid, status, WEXITED) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
return -errno;
}
return 0;
}
}
int wait_for_terminate_and_warn(const char *name, pid_t pid) {
int r;
siginfo_t status;
assert(name);
assert(pid > 1);
if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0) {
log_warning("Failed to wait for %s: %s", name, strerror(-r));
return r;
}
if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
if (status.si_status != 0) {
log_warning("%s failed with error code %i.", name, status.si_status);
return status.si_status;
}
log_debug("%s succeeded.", name);
return 0;
} else if (status.si_code == CLD_KILLED ||
status.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
log_warning("%s terminated by signal %s.", name, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
return -EPROTO;
}
log_warning("%s failed due to unknown reason.", name);
return -EPROTO;
}
_noreturn_ void freeze(void) {
/* Make sure nobody waits for us on a socket anymore */
close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
sync();
for (;;)
pause();
}
bool null_or_empty(struct stat *st) {
assert(st);
if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode) && st->st_size <= 0)
return true;
if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode))
return true;
return false;
}
int null_or_empty_path(const char *fn) {
struct stat st;
assert(fn);
if (stat(fn, &st) < 0)
return -errno;
return null_or_empty(&st);
}
DIR *xopendirat(int fd, const char *name, int flags) {
int nfd;
DIR *d;
if ((nfd = openat(fd, name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|flags)) < 0)
return NULL;
if (!(d = fdopendir(nfd))) {
close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
return NULL;
}
return d;
}
int signal_from_string_try_harder(const char *s) {
int signo;
assert(s);
if ((signo = signal_from_string(s)) <= 0)
if (startswith(s, "SIG"))
return signal_from_string(s+3);
return signo;
}
void dual_timestamp_serialize(FILE *f, const char *name, dual_timestamp *t) {
assert(f);
assert(name);
assert(t);
if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(t))
return;
fprintf(f, "%s=%llu %llu\n",
name,
(unsigned long long) t->realtime,
(unsigned long long) t->monotonic);
}
void dual_timestamp_deserialize(const char *value, dual_timestamp *t) {
unsigned long long a, b;
assert(value);
assert(t);
if (sscanf(value, "%lli %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
log_debug("Failed to parse finish timestamp value %s", value);
else {
t->realtime = a;
t->monotonic = b;
}
}
char *fstab_node_to_udev_node(const char *p) {
char *dn, *t, *u;
int r;
/* FIXME: to follow udev's logic 100% we need to leave valid
* UTF8 chars unescaped */
if (startswith(p, "LABEL=")) {
if (!(u = unquote(p+6, "\"\'")))
return NULL;
t = xescape(u, "/ ");
free(u);
if (!t)
return NULL;
r = asprintf(&dn, "/dev/disk/by-label/%s", t);
free(t);
if (r < 0)
return NULL;
return dn;
}
if (startswith(p, "UUID=")) {
if (!(u = unquote(p+5, "\"\'")))
return NULL;
t = xescape(u, "/ ");
free(u);
if (!t)
return NULL;
r = asprintf(&dn, "/dev/disk/by-uuid/%s", t);
free(t);
if (r < 0)
return NULL;
return dn;
}
return strdup(p);
}
bool tty_is_vc(const char *tty) {
assert(tty);
if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
tty += 5;
return vtnr_from_tty(tty) >= 0;
}
bool tty_is_console(const char *tty) {
assert(tty);
if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
tty += 5;
return streq(tty, "console");
}
int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty) {
int i, r;
assert(tty);
if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
tty += 5;
if (!startswith(tty, "tty") )
return -EINVAL;
if (tty[3] < '0' || tty[3] > '9')
return -EINVAL;
r = safe_atoi(tty+3, &i);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (i < 0 || i > 63)
return -EINVAL;
return i;
}
bool tty_is_vc_resolve(const char *tty) {
char *active = NULL;
bool b;
assert(tty);
if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
tty += 5;
/* Resolve where /dev/console is pointing to, if /sys is
* actually ours (i.e. not read-only-mounted which is a sign
* for container setups) */
if (streq(tty, "console") && path_is_read_only_fs("/sys") <= 0)
if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", &active) >= 0) {
/* If multiple log outputs are configured the
* last one is what /dev/console points to */
tty = strrchr(active, ' ');
if (tty)
tty++;
else
tty = active;
}
b = tty_is_vc(tty);
free(active);
return b;
}
const char *default_term_for_tty(const char *tty) {
assert(tty);
return tty_is_vc_resolve(tty) ? "TERM=linux" : "TERM=vt102";
}
bool dirent_is_file(const struct dirent *de) {
assert(de);
if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
return false;
if (de->d_type != DT_REG &&
de->d_type != DT_LNK &&
de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
return false;
return true;
}
bool dirent_is_file_with_suffix(const struct dirent *de, const char *suffix) {
assert(de);
if (!dirent_is_file(de))
return false;
return endswith(de->d_name, suffix);
}
void execute_directory(const char *directory, DIR *d, char *argv[]) {
DIR *_d = NULL;
struct dirent *de;
Hashmap *pids = NULL;
assert(directory);
/* Executes all binaries in a directory in parallel and waits
* until all they all finished. */
if (!d) {
if (!(_d = opendir(directory))) {
if (errno == ENOENT)
return;
log_error("Failed to enumerate directory %s: %m", directory);
return;
}
d = _d;
}
if (!(pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func))) {
log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
goto finish;
}
while ((de = readdir(d))) {
char *path;
pid_t pid;
int k;
if (!dirent_is_file(de))
continue;
if (asprintf(&path, "%s/%s", directory, de->d_name) < 0) {
log_oom();
continue;
}
if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
free(path);
continue;
}
if (pid == 0) {
char *_argv[2];
/* Child */
if (!argv) {
_argv[0] = path;
_argv[1] = NULL;
argv = _argv;
} else
argv[0] = path;
execv(path, argv);
log_error("Failed to execute %s: %m", path);
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
log_debug("Spawned %s as %lu", path, (unsigned long) pid);
if ((k = hashmap_put(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid), path)) < 0) {
log_error("Failed to add PID to set: %s", strerror(-k));
free(path);
}
}
while (!hashmap_isempty(pids)) {
pid_t pid = PTR_TO_UINT(hashmap_first_key(pids));
siginfo_t si;
char *path;
zero(si);
if (waitid(P_PID, pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
log_error("waitid() failed: %m");
goto finish;
}
if ((path = hashmap_remove(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(si.si_pid)))) {
if (!is_clean_exit(si.si_code, si.si_status)) {
if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED)
log_error("%s exited with exit status %i.", path, si.si_status);
else
log_error("%s terminated by signal %s.", path, signal_to_string(si.si_status));
} else
log_debug("%s exited successfully.", path);
free(path);
}
}
finish:
if (_d)
closedir(_d);
if (pids)
hashmap_free_free(pids);
}
int kill_and_sigcont(pid_t pid, int sig) {
int r;
r = kill(pid, sig) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
if (r >= 0)
kill(pid, SIGCONT);
return r;
}
bool nulstr_contains(const char*nulstr, const char *needle) {
const char *i;
if (!nulstr)
return false;
NULSTR_FOREACH(i, nulstr)
if (streq(i, needle))
return true;
return false;
}
bool plymouth_running(void) {
return access("/run/plymouth/pid", F_OK) >= 0;
}
void parse_syslog_priority(char **p, int *priority) {
int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0;
int k;
assert(p);
assert(*p);
assert(priority);
if ((*p)[0] != '<')
return;
if (!strchr(*p, '>'))
return;
if ((*p)[2] == '>') {
c = undecchar((*p)[1]);
k = 3;
} else if ((*p)[3] == '>') {
b = undecchar((*p)[1]);
c = undecchar((*p)[2]);
k = 4;
} else if ((*p)[4] == '>') {
a = undecchar((*p)[1]);
b = undecchar((*p)[2]);
c = undecchar((*p)[3]);
k = 5;
} else
return;
if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0)
return;
*priority = a*100+b*10+c;
*p += k;
}
void skip_syslog_pid(char **buf) {
char *p;
assert(buf);
assert(*buf);
p = *buf;
if (*p != '[')
return;
p++;
p += strspn(p, "0123456789");
if (*p != ']')
return;
p++;
*buf = p;
}
void skip_syslog_date(char **buf) {
enum {
LETTER,
SPACE,
NUMBER,
SPACE_OR_NUMBER,
COLON
} sequence[] = {
LETTER, LETTER, LETTER,
SPACE,
SPACE_OR_NUMBER, NUMBER,
SPACE,
SPACE_OR_NUMBER, NUMBER,
COLON,
SPACE_OR_NUMBER, NUMBER,
COLON,
SPACE_OR_NUMBER, NUMBER,
SPACE
};
char *p;
unsigned i;
assert(buf);
assert(*buf);
p = *buf;
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(sequence); i++, p++) {
if (!*p)
return;
switch (sequence[i]) {
case SPACE:
if (*p != ' ')
return;
break;
case SPACE_OR_NUMBER:
if (*p == ' ')
break;
/* fall through */
case NUMBER:
if (*p < '0' || *p > '9')
return;
break;
case LETTER:
if (!(*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') &&
!(*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z'))
return;
break;
case COLON:
if (*p != ':')
return;
break;
}
}
*buf = p;
}
char* strshorten(char *s, size_t l) {
assert(s);
if (l < strlen(s))
s[l] = 0;
return s;
}
static bool hostname_valid_char(char c) {
return
(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ||
(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
(c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
c == '-' ||
c == '_' ||
c == '.';
}
bool hostname_is_valid(const char *s) {
const char *p;
if (isempty(s))
return false;
for (p = s; *p; p++)
if (!hostname_valid_char(*p))
return false;
if (p-s > HOST_NAME_MAX)
return false;
return true;
}
char* hostname_cleanup(char *s) {
char *p, *d;
for (p = s, d = s; *p; p++)
if ((*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
(*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
(*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
*p == '-' ||
*p == '_' ||
*p == '.')
*(d++) = *p;
*d = 0;
strshorten(s, HOST_NAME_MAX);
return s;
}
int pipe_eof(int fd) {
struct pollfd pollfd;
int r;
zero(pollfd);
pollfd.fd = fd;
pollfd.events = POLLIN|POLLHUP;
r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
if (r == 0)
return 0;
return pollfd.revents & POLLHUP;
}
int fd_wait_for_event(int fd, int event, usec_t t) {
struct pollfd pollfd;
int r;
zero(pollfd);
pollfd.fd = fd;
pollfd.events = event;
r = poll(&pollfd, 1, t == (usec_t) -1 ? -1 : (int) (t / USEC_PER_MSEC));
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
if (r == 0)
return 0;
return pollfd.revents;
}
int fopen_temporary(const char *path, FILE **_f, char **_temp_path) {
FILE *f;
char *t;
const char *fn;
size_t k;
int fd;
assert(path);
assert(_f);
assert(_temp_path);
t = new(char, strlen(path) + 1 + 6 + 1);
if (!t)
return -ENOMEM;
fn = path_get_file_name(path);
k = fn-path;
memcpy(t, path, k);
t[k] = '.';
stpcpy(stpcpy(t+k+1, fn), "XXXXXX");
fd = mkostemp(t, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0) {
free(t);
return -errno;
}
f = fdopen(fd, "we");
if (!f) {
unlink(t);
free(t);
return -errno;
}
*_f = f;
*_temp_path = t;
return 0;
}
int terminal_vhangup_fd(int fd) {
assert(fd >= 0);
if (ioctl(fd, TIOCVHANGUP) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
int terminal_vhangup(const char *name) {
int fd, r;
fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
r = terminal_vhangup_fd(fd);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return r;
}
int vt_disallocate(const char *name) {
int fd, r;
unsigned u;
/* Deallocate the VT if possible. If not possible
* (i.e. because it is the active one), at least clear it
* entirely (including the scrollback buffer) */
if (!startswith(name, "/dev/"))
return -EINVAL;
if (!tty_is_vc(name)) {
/* So this is not a VT. I guess we cannot deallocate
* it then. But let's at least clear the screen */
fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
loop_write(fd,
"\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
"\033[H" /* move home */
"\033[2J", /* clear screen */
10, false);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return 0;
}
if (!startswith(name, "/dev/tty"))
return -EINVAL;
r = safe_atou(name+8, &u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (u <= 0)
return -EINVAL;
/* Try to deallocate */
fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
r = ioctl(fd, VT_DISALLOCATE, u);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
if (r >= 0)
return 0;
if (errno != EBUSY)
return -errno;
/* Couldn't deallocate, so let's clear it fully with
* scrollback */
fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
loop_write(fd,
"\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
"\033[H" /* move home */
"\033[3J", /* clear screen including scrollback, requires Linux 2.6.40 */
10, false);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
return 0;
}
int copy_file(const char *from, const char *to) {
int r, fdf, fdt;
assert(from);
assert(to);
fdf = open(from, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
if (fdf < 0)
return -errno;
fdt = open(to, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644);
if (fdt < 0) {
close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
return -errno;
}
for (;;) {
char buf[PIPE_BUF];
ssize_t n, k;
n = read(fdf, buf, sizeof(buf));
if (n < 0) {
r = -errno;
close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
close_nointr(fdt);
unlink(to);
return r;
}
if (n == 0)
break;
errno = 0;
k = loop_write(fdt, buf, n, false);
if (n != k) {
r = k < 0 ? k : (errno ? -errno : -EIO);
close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
close_nointr(fdt);
unlink(to);
return r;
}
}
close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
r = close_nointr(fdt);
if (r < 0) {
unlink(to);
return r;
}
return 0;
}
int symlink_or_copy(const char *from, const char *to) {
char *pf = NULL, *pt = NULL;
struct stat a, b;
int r;
assert(from);
assert(to);
if (path_get_parent(from, &pf) < 0 ||
path_get_parent(to, &pt) < 0) {
r = -ENOMEM;
goto finish;
}
if (stat(pf, &a) < 0 ||
stat(pt, &b) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
if (a.st_dev != b.st_dev) {
free(pf);
free(pt);
return copy_file(from, to);
}
if (symlink(from, to) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
r = 0;
finish:
free(pf);
free(pt);
return r;
}
int symlink_or_copy_atomic(const char *from, const char *to) {
char *t, *x;
const char *fn;
size_t k;
unsigned long long ull;
unsigned i;
int r;
assert(from);
assert(to);
t = new(char, strlen(to) + 1 + 16 + 1);
if (!t)
return -ENOMEM;
fn = path_get_file_name(to);
k = fn-to;
memcpy(t, to, k);
t[k] = '.';
x = stpcpy(t+k+1, fn);
ull = random_ull();
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
*(x++) = hexchar(ull & 0xF);
ull >>= 4;
}
*x = 0;
r = symlink_or_copy(from, t);
if (r < 0) {
unlink(t);
free(t);
return r;
}
if (rename(t, to) < 0) {
r = -errno;
unlink(t);
free(t);
return r;
}
free(t);
return r;
}
bool display_is_local(const char *display) {
assert(display);
return
display[0] == ':' &&
display[1] >= '0' &&
display[1] <= '9';
}
int socket_from_display(const char *display, char **path) {
size_t k;
char *f, *c;
assert(display);
assert(path);
if (!display_is_local(display))
return -EINVAL;
k = strspn(display+1, "0123456789");
f = new(char, sizeof("/tmp/.X11-unix/X") + k);
if (!f)
return -ENOMEM;
c = stpcpy(f, "/tmp/.X11-unix/X");
memcpy(c, display+1, k);
c[k] = 0;
*path = f;
return 0;
}
int get_user_creds(
const char **username,
uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid,
const char **home,
const char **shell) {
struct passwd *p;
uid_t u;
assert(username);
assert(*username);
/* We enforce some special rules for uid=0: in order to avoid
* NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
if (streq(*username, "root") || streq(*username, "0")) {
*username = "root";
if (uid)
*uid = 0;
if (gid)
*gid = 0;
if (home)
*home = "/root";
if (shell)
*shell = "/bin/sh";
return 0;
}
if (parse_uid(*username, &u) >= 0) {
errno = 0;
p = getpwuid(u);
/* If there are multiple users with the same id, make
* sure to leave $USER to the configured value instead
* of the first occurrence in the database. However if
* the uid was configured by a numeric uid, then let's
* pick the real username from /etc/passwd. */
if (p)
*username = p->pw_name;
} else {
errno = 0;
p = getpwnam(*username);
}
if (!p)
return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
if (uid)
*uid = p->pw_uid;
if (gid)
*gid = p->pw_gid;
if (home)
*home = p->pw_dir;
if (shell)
*shell = p->pw_shell;
return 0;
}
int get_group_creds(const char **groupname, gid_t *gid) {
struct group *g;
gid_t id;
assert(groupname);
/* We enforce some special rules for gid=0: in order to avoid
* NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
if (streq(*groupname, "root") || streq(*groupname, "0")) {
*groupname = "root";
if (gid)
*gid = 0;
return 0;
}
if (parse_gid(*groupname, &id) >= 0) {
errno = 0;
g = getgrgid(id);
if (g)
*groupname = g->gr_name;
} else {
errno = 0;
g = getgrnam(*groupname);
}
if (!g)
return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
if (gid)
*gid = g->gr_gid;
return 0;
}
int in_group(const char *name) {
gid_t gid, *gids;
int ngroups_max, r, i;
r = get_group_creds(&name, &gid);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (getgid() == gid)
return 1;
if (getegid() == gid)
return 1;
ngroups_max = sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX);
assert(ngroups_max > 0);
gids = alloca(sizeof(gid_t) * ngroups_max);
r = getgroups(ngroups_max, gids);
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
for (i = 0; i < r; i++)
if (gids[i] == gid)
return 1;
return 0;
}
int glob_exists(const char *path) {
glob_t g;
int r, k;
assert(path);
zero(g);
errno = 0;
k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g);
if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH)
r = 0;
else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE)
r = -ENOMEM;
else if (k == 0)
r = !strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv);
else
r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;
globfree(&g);
return r;
}
int dirent_ensure_type(DIR *d, struct dirent *de) {
struct stat st;
assert(d);
assert(de);
if (de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
return 0;
if (fstatat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0)
return -errno;
de->d_type =
S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ? DT_REG :
S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ? DT_DIR :
S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ? DT_LNK :
S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) ? DT_FIFO :
S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode) ? DT_SOCK :
S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? DT_CHR :
S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? DT_BLK :
DT_UNKNOWN;
return 0;
}
int in_search_path(const char *path, char **search) {
char **i, *parent;
int r;
r = path_get_parent(path, &parent);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = 0;
STRV_FOREACH(i, search) {
if (path_equal(parent, *i)) {
r = 1;
break;
}
}
free(parent);
return r;
}
int get_files_in_directory(const char *path, char ***list) {
DIR *d;
int r = 0;
unsigned n = 0;
char **l = NULL;
assert(path);
/* Returns all files in a directory in *list, and the number
* of files as return value. If list is NULL returns only the
* number */
d = opendir(path);
if (!d)
return -errno;
for (;;) {
struct dirent buffer, *de;
int k;
k = readdir_r(d, &buffer, &de);
if (k != 0) {
r = -k;
goto finish;
}
if (!de)
break;
dirent_ensure_type(d, de);
if (!dirent_is_file(de))
continue;
if (list) {
if ((unsigned) r >= n) {
char **t;
n = MAX(16, 2*r);
t = realloc(l, sizeof(char*) * n);
if (!t) {
r = -ENOMEM;
goto finish;
}
l = t;
}
assert((unsigned) r < n);
l[r] = strdup(de->d_name);
if (!l[r]) {
r = -ENOMEM;
goto finish;
}
l[++r] = NULL;
} else
r++;
}
finish:
if (d)
closedir(d);
if (r >= 0) {
if (list)
*list = l;
} else
strv_free(l);
return r;
}
char *strjoin(const char *x, ...) {
va_list ap;
size_t l;
char *r, *p;
va_start(ap, x);
if (x) {
l = strlen(x);
for (;;) {
const char *t;
t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
if (!t)
break;
l += strlen(t);
}
} else
l = 0;
va_end(ap);
r = new(char, l+1);
if (!r)
return NULL;
if (x) {
p = stpcpy(r, x);
va_start(ap, x);
for (;;) {
const char *t;
t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
if (!t)
break;
p = stpcpy(p, t);
}
va_end(ap);
} else
r[0] = 0;
return r;
}
bool is_main_thread(void) {
static __thread int cached = 0;
if (_unlikely_(cached == 0))
cached = getpid() == gettid() ? 1 : -1;
return cached > 0;
}
int block_get_whole_disk(dev_t d, dev_t *ret) {
char *p, *s;
int r;
unsigned n, m;
assert(ret);
/* If it has a queue this is good enough for us */
if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = access(p, F_OK);
free(p);
if (r >= 0) {
*ret = d;
return 0;
}
/* If it is a partition find the originating device */
if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/partition", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = access(p, F_OK);
free(p);
if (r < 0)
return -ENOENT;
/* Get parent dev_t */
if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/../dev", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = read_one_line_file(p, &s);
free(p);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sscanf(s, "%u:%u", &m, &n);
free(s);
if (r != 2)
return -EINVAL;
/* Only return this if it is really good enough for us. */
if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", m, n) < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
r = access(p, F_OK);
free(p);
if (r >= 0) {
*ret = makedev(m, n);
return 0;
}
return -ENOENT;
}
int file_is_priv_sticky(const char *p) {
struct stat st;
assert(p);
if (lstat(p, &st) < 0)
return -errno;
return
(st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
(st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
}
static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = {
[IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none",
[IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime",
[IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort",
[IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle"
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ioprio_class, int);
static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
[CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
[CLD_KILLED] = "killed",
[CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped",
[CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped",
[CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped",
[CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued",
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int);
static const char *const log_facility_unshifted_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = {
[LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6",
[LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7"
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_facility_unshifted, int);
static const char *const log_level_table[] = {
[LOG_EMERG] = "emerg",
[LOG_ALERT] = "alert",
[LOG_CRIT] = "crit",
[LOG_ERR] = "err",
[LOG_WARNING] = "warning",
[LOG_NOTICE] = "notice",
[LOG_INFO] = "info",
[LOG_DEBUG] = "debug"
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_level, int);
static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = {
[SCHED_OTHER] = "other",
[SCHED_BATCH] = "batch",
[SCHED_IDLE] = "idle",
[SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo",
[SCHED_RR] = "rr"
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sched_policy, int);
static const char* const rlimit_table[] = {
[RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU",
[RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE",
[RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA",
[RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK",
[RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE",
[RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS",
[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE",
[RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS",
[RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC",
[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK",
[RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS",
[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING",
[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE",
[RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE",
[RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO",
[RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME"
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);
static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = {
[IPTOS_LOWDELAY] = "low-delay",
[IPTOS_THROUGHPUT] = "throughput",
[IPTOS_RELIABILITY] = "reliability",
[IPTOS_LOWCOST] = "low-cost",
};
DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ip_tos, int);
static const char *const __signal_table[] = {
[SIGHUP] = "HUP",
[SIGINT] = "INT",
[SIGQUIT] = "QUIT",
[SIGILL] = "ILL",
[SIGTRAP] = "TRAP",
[SIGABRT] = "ABRT",
[SIGBUS] = "BUS",
[SIGFPE] = "FPE",
[SIGKILL] = "KILL",
[SIGUSR1] = "USR1",
[SIGSEGV] = "SEGV",
[SIGUSR2] = "USR2",
[SIGPIPE] = "PIPE",
[SIGALRM] = "ALRM",
[SIGTERM] = "TERM",
#ifdef SIGSTKFLT
[SIGSTKFLT] = "STKFLT", /* Linux on SPARC doesn't know SIGSTKFLT */
#endif
[SIGCHLD] = "CHLD",
[SIGCONT] = "CONT",
[SIGSTOP] = "STOP",
[SIGTSTP] = "TSTP",
[SIGTTIN] = "TTIN",
[SIGTTOU] = "TTOU",
[SIGURG] = "URG",
[SIGXCPU] = "XCPU",
[SIGXFSZ] = "XFSZ",
[SIGVTALRM] = "VTALRM",
[SIGPROF] = "PROF",
[SIGWINCH] = "WINCH",
[SIGIO] = "IO",
[SIGPWR] = "PWR",
[SIGSYS] = "SYS"
};
DEFINE_PRIVATE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(__signal, int);
const char *signal_to_string(int signo) {
static __thread char buf[12];
const char *name;
name = __signal_to_string(signo);
if (name)
return name;
if (signo >= SIGRTMIN && signo <= SIGRTMAX)
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "RTMIN+%d", signo - SIGRTMIN);
else
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "%d", signo);
char_array_0(buf);
return buf;
}
int signal_from_string(const char *s) {
int signo;
int offset = 0;
unsigned u;
signo =__signal_from_string(s);
if (signo > 0)
return signo;
if (startswith(s, "RTMIN+")) {
s += 6;
offset = SIGRTMIN;
}
if (safe_atou(s, &u) >= 0) {
signo = (int) u + offset;
if (signo > 0 && signo < _NSIG)
return signo;
}
return -1;
}
bool kexec_loaded(void) {
bool loaded = false;
char *s;
if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) {
if (s[0] == '1')
loaded = true;
free(s);
}
return loaded;
}
int strdup_or_null(const char *a, char **b) {
char *c;
assert(b);
if (!a) {
*b = NULL;
return 0;
}
c = strdup(a);
if (!c)
return -ENOMEM;
*b = c;
return 0;
}
int prot_from_flags(int flags) {
switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) {
case O_RDONLY:
return PROT_READ;
case O_WRONLY:
return PROT_WRITE;
case O_RDWR:
return PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
}
char *format_bytes(char *buf, size_t l, off_t t) {
unsigned i;
static const struct {
const char *suffix;
off_t factor;
} table[] = {
{ "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
{ "K", 1024ULL },
};
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) {
if (t >= table[i].factor) {
snprintf(buf, l,
"%llu.%llu%s",
(unsigned long long) (t / table[i].factor),
(unsigned long long) (((t*10ULL) / table[i].factor) % 10ULL),
table[i].suffix);
goto finish;
}
}
snprintf(buf, l, "%lluB", (unsigned long long) t);
finish:
buf[l-1] = 0;
return buf;
}
void* memdup(const void *p, size_t l) {
void *r;
assert(p);
r = malloc(l);
if (!r)
return NULL;
memcpy(r, p, l);
return r;
}
int fd_inc_sndbuf(int fd, size_t n) {
int r, value;
socklen_t l = sizeof(value);
r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, &l);
if (r >= 0 &&
l == sizeof(value) &&
(size_t) value >= n*2)
return 0;
value = (int) n;
r = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, sizeof(value));
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
return 1;
}
int fd_inc_rcvbuf(int fd, size_t n) {
int r, value;
socklen_t l = sizeof(value);
r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, &l);
if (r >= 0 &&
l == sizeof(value) &&
(size_t) value >= n*2)
return 0;
value = (int) n;
r = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, sizeof(value));
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
return 1;
}
int fork_agent(pid_t *pid, const int except[], unsigned n_except, const char *path, ...) {
pid_t parent_pid, agent_pid;
int fd;
bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty;
unsigned n, i;
va_list ap;
char **l;
assert(pid);
assert(path);
parent_pid = getpid();
/* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
* we go away */
agent_pid = fork();
if (agent_pid < 0)
return -errno;
if (agent_pid != 0) {
*pid = agent_pid;
return 0;
}
/* In the child:
*
* Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */
if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
/* Check whether our parent died before we were able
* to set the death signal */
if (getppid() != parent_pid)
_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
/* Don't leak fds to the agent */
close_all_fds(except, n_except);
stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO);
if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) {
/* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen
* /dev/tty for them. This is important to
* ensure that when systemctl is started via
* popen() or a similar call that expects to
* read EOF we actually do generate EOF and
* not delay this indefinitely by because we
* keep an unused copy of stdin around. */
fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
log_error("Failed to open /dev/tty: %m");
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (!stdout_is_tty)
dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
if (!stderr_is_tty)
dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
if (fd > 2)
close(fd);
}
/* Count arguments */
va_start(ap, path);
for (n = 0; va_arg(ap, char*); n++)
;
va_end(ap);
/* Allocate strv */
l = alloca(sizeof(char *) * (n + 1));
/* Fill in arguments */
va_start(ap, path);
for (i = 0; i <= n; i++)
l[i] = va_arg(ap, char*);
va_end(ap);
execv(path, l);
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
int setrlimit_closest(int resource, const struct rlimit *rlim) {
struct rlimit highest, fixed;
assert(rlim);
if (setrlimit(resource, rlim) >= 0)
return 0;
if (errno != EPERM)
return -errno;
/* So we failed to set the desired setrlimit, then let's try
* to get as close as we can */
assert_se(getrlimit(resource, &highest) == 0);
fixed.rlim_cur = MIN(rlim->rlim_cur, highest.rlim_max);
fixed.rlim_max = MIN(rlim->rlim_max, highest.rlim_max);
if (setrlimit(resource, &fixed) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
int getenv_for_pid(pid_t pid, const char *field, char **_value) {
char path[sizeof("/proc/")-1+10+sizeof("/environ")], *value = NULL;
int r;
FILE *f;
bool done = false;
size_t l;
assert(field);
assert(_value);
if (pid == 0)
pid = getpid();
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%lu/environ", (unsigned long) pid);
char_array_0(path);
f = fopen(path, "re");
if (!f)
return -errno;
l = strlen(field);
r = 0;
do {
char line[LINE_MAX];
unsigned i;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(line)-1; i++) {
int c;
c = getc(f);
if (_unlikely_(c == EOF)) {
done = true;
break;
} else if (c == 0)
break;
line[i] = c;
}
line[i] = 0;
if (memcmp(line, field, l) == 0 && line[l] == '=') {
value = strdup(line + l + 1);
if (!value) {
r = -ENOMEM;
break;
}
r = 1;
break;
}
} while (!done);
fclose(f);
if (r >= 0)
*_value = value;
return r;
}
int can_sleep(const char *type) {
char *p, *w, *state;
size_t l, k;
bool found = false;
int r;
assert(type);
r = read_one_line_file("/sys/power/state", &p);
if (r < 0)
return r == -ENOENT ? 0 : r;
k = strlen(type);
FOREACH_WORD_SEPARATOR(w, l, p, WHITESPACE, state) {
if (l == k && strncmp(w, type, l) == 0) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
free(p);
return found;
}
bool is_valid_documentation_url(const char *url) {
assert(url);
if (startswith(url, "http://") && url[7])
return true;
if (startswith(url, "https://") && url[8])
return true;
if (startswith(url, "file:") && url[5])
return true;
if (startswith(url, "info:") && url[5])
return true;
if (startswith(url, "man:") && url[4])
return true;
return false;
}
bool in_initrd(void) {
static int saved = -1;
struct statfs s;
if (saved >= 0)
return saved;
/* We make two checks here:
*
* 1. the flag file /etc/initrd-release must exist
* 2. the root file system must be a memory file system
*
* The second check is extra paranoia, since misdetecting an
* initrd can have bad bad consequences due the initrd
* emptying when transititioning to the main systemd.
*/
saved = access("/etc/initrd-release", F_OK) >= 0 &&
statfs("/", &s) >= 0 &&
(s.f_type == TMPFS_MAGIC || s.f_type == RAMFS_MAGIC);
return saved;
}
void warn_melody(void) {
int fd;
fd = open("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
if (fd < 0)
return;
/* Yeah, this is synchronous. Kinda sucks. Bute well... */
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/440));
usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220));
usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220));
usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, 0);
close_nointr_nofail(fd);
}
int make_console_stdio(void) {
int fd, r;
/* Make /dev/console the controlling terminal and stdin/stdout/stderr */
fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true, (usec_t) -1);
if (fd < 0) {
log_error("Failed to acquire terminal: %s", strerror(-fd));
return fd;
}
r = make_stdio(fd);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
return 0;
}
int get_home_dir(char **_h) {
char *h;
const char *e;
uid_t u;
struct passwd *p;
assert(_h);
/* Take the user specified one */
e = getenv("HOME");
if (e) {
h = strdup(e);
if (!h)
return -ENOMEM;
*_h = h;
return 0;
}
/* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */
u = getuid();
if (u == 0) {
h = strdup("/root");
if (!h)
return -ENOMEM;
*_h = h;
return 0;
}
/* Check the database... */
errno = 0;
p = getpwuid(u);
if (!p)
return errno ? -errno : -ENOENT;
if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_dir))
return -EINVAL;
h = strdup(p->pw_dir);
if (!h)
return -ENOMEM;
*_h = h;
return 0;
}
int get_shell(char **_sh) {
char *sh;
const char *e;
uid_t u;
struct passwd *p;
assert(_sh);
/* Take the user specified one */
e = getenv("SHELL");
if (e) {
sh = strdup(e);
if (!sh)
return -ENOMEM;
*_sh = sh;
return 0;
}
/* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */
u = getuid();
if (u == 0) {
sh = strdup("/bin/sh");
if (!sh)
return -ENOMEM;
*_sh = sh;
return 0;
}
/* Check the database... */
errno = 0;
p = getpwuid(u);
if (!p)
return errno ? -errno : -ESRCH;
if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_shell))
return -EINVAL;
sh = strdup(p->pw_shell);
if (!sh)
return -ENOMEM;
*_sh = sh;
return 0;
}
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