253 lines
12 KiB
XML
253 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd-gpt-auto-generator">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refname>
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<refpurpose>Generator for automatically discovering
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and mounting root, <filename>/home</filename> and
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<filename>/srv</filename> partitions, as well as
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discovering and enabling swap partitions, based on GPT
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partition type GUIDs.</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> is a unit
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generator that automatically discovers root,
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<filename>/home</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename> and swap
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partitions and creates mount and swap units for them, based on the
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partition type GUIDs of GUID partition tables (GPT),
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see <ulink url="http://www.uefi.org/specifications">UEFI Specification</ulink>, chapter 5.
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It implements the <ulink
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url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec/">Discoverable
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Partitions Specification</ulink>. Note that this generator has no
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effect on non-GPT systems, or where the directories under the
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mount points are already non-empty. Also, on systems where the
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units are explicitly configured (for example, listed in
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<citerefentry
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project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>),
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the units this generator creates are overridden, but additional
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implicit dependencies might be created.</para>
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<para>This generator will only look for root partitions on the
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same physical disk the EFI System Partition (ESP) is located on.
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It will only look for the other partitions on the same physical
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disk the root file system is located on. These partitions will not
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be searched for on systems where the root file system is distributed
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on multiple disks, for example via btrfs RAID.</para>
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<para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> is useful
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for centralizing file system configuration in the partition table
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and making configuration in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> unnecessary.
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</para>
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<para>This generator looks for the partitions based on their
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partition type GUID. The following partition type GUIDs are
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identified:</para>
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<table>
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<title>Partition Type GUIDs</title>
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<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
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<colspec colname="guid" />
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<colspec colname="name" />
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<colspec colname="explanation" />
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Partition Type GUID</entry>
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<entry>Name</entry>
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<entry>Explanation</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>44479540-f297-41b2-9af7-d131d5f0458a</entry>
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<entry><filename>Root Partition (x86)</filename></entry>
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<entry>On 32-bit x86 systems, the first x86 root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>4f68bce3-e8cd-4db1-96e7-fbcaf984b709</entry>
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<entry><filename>Root Partition (x86-64)</filename></entry>
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<entry>On 64-bit x86 systems, the first x86-64 root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>69dad710-2ce4-4e3c-b16c-21a1d49abed3</entry>
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<entry><filename>Root Partition (32-bit ARM)</filename></entry>
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<entry>On 32-bit ARM systems, the first ARM root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>b921b045-1df0-41c3-af44-4c6f280d3fae</entry>
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<entry><filename>Root Partition (64-bit ARM)</filename></entry>
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<entry>On 64-bit ARM systems, the first ARM root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>993d8d3d-f80e-4225-855a-9daf8ed7ea97</entry>
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<entry><filename>Root Partition (Itanium/IA-64)</filename></entry>
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<entry>On Itanium systems, the first Itanium root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>933ac7e1-2eb4-4f13-b844-0e14e2aef915</entry>
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<entry>Home Partition</entry>
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<entry>The first home partition on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/home</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>3b8f8425-20e0-4f3b-907f-1a25a76f98e8</entry>
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<entry>Server Data Partition</entry>
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<entry>The first server data partition on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/srv</filename>.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>0657fd6d-a4ab-43c4-84e5-0933c84b4f4f</entry>
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<entry>Swap</entry>
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<entry>All swap partitions located on the disk the root partition is located on are enabled.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b</entry>
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<entry>EFI System Partition (ESP)</entry>
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<entry>The first ESP located on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/boot</filename> or <filename>/efi</filename>, see below.</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>This generator understands the following attribute flags for partitions:</para>
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<table>
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<title>Partition Attributes</title>
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<tgroup cols='4' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
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<colspec colname="attribute" />
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<colspec colname="value" />
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<colspec colname="where" />
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<colspec colname="explanation" />
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Name</entry>
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<entry>Value</entry>
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<entry>Applicable to</entry>
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<entry>Explanation</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant></entry>
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<entry>0x1000000000000000</entry>
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<entry><filename>/</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename>, <filename>/home</filename></entry>
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<entry>Partition is mounted read-only</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_NO_AUTO</constant></entry>
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<entry>0x8000000000000000</entry>
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<entry><filename>/</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename>, <filename>/home</filename></entry>
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<entry>Partition is not mounted automatically</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_NO_BLOCK_IO_PROTOCOL</constant></entry>
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<entry>0x0000000000000002</entry>
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<entry>ESP</entry>
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<entry>Partition is not mounted automatically</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>The <filename>/home</filename> and <filename>/srv</filename>
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partitions may be encrypted in LUKS format. In this case, a device
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mapper device is set up under the names
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<filename>/dev/mapper/home</filename> and
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<filename>/dev/mapper/srv</filename>. Note that this might create
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conflicts if the same partition is listed in
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<filename>/etc/crypttab</filename> with a different device mapper
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device name.</para>
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<para>Mount and automount units for the EFI System Partition (ESP) are generated on EFI systems. The ESP is mounted
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to <filename>/boot</filename>, unless a mount point directory <filename>/efi</filename> exists, in which case it is
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mounted there. Since this generator creates an automount unit, the mount will only be activated on-demand, when
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accessed. On systems where <filename>/boot</filename> (or <filename>/efi</filename> if it exists) is an explicitly
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configured mount (for example, listed in <citerefentry
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project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) or where the
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<filename>/boot</filename> (or <filename>/efi</filename>) mount point is non-empty, no mount units are
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generated.</para>
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<para>When using this generator in conjunction with btrfs file
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systems, make sure to set the correct default subvolumes on them,
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using <command>btrfs subvolume set-default</command>.</para>
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<para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> implements
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Kernel Command Line</title>
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<para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> understands the following kernel command line
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parameters:</para>
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<variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.gpt_auto</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.systemd.gpt_auto</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Those options take an optional boolean argument, and default to yes.
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The generator is enabled by default, and a negative value may be used to disable it.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>root=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with the special value <literal>gpt-auto</literal>, automatic discovery of
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the root parition based on the GPT partition type is enabled. Any other value disables this
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generator.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>rw</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ro</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Mount the root partition read-write or read-only <emphasis>initially</emphasis>.</para>
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<para>Note that unlike most kernel command line options these settings do not override configuration
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in the file system, and the file system may be remounted later. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-remount-fs.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>cryptsetup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>btrfs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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