Systemd/src/bus-proxyd/bus-proxyd.c

1630 lines
60 KiB
C

/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
/***
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
Copyright 2013 Daniel Mack
Copyright 2014 Kay Sievers
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include "log.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "socket-util.h"
#include "sd-daemon.h"
#include "sd-bus.h"
#include "bus-internal.h"
#include "bus-message.h"
#include "bus-util.h"
#include "build.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "def.h"
#include "capability.h"
#include "bus-policy.h"
static char *arg_address = NULL;
static char *arg_command_line_buffer = NULL;
static bool arg_drop_privileges = false;
static char **arg_configuration = NULL;
static Hashmap *names_hash = NULL;
static int help(void) {
printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
"Connect STDIO or a socket to a given bus address.\n\n"
" -h --help Show this help\n"
" --version Show package version\n"
" --drop-privileges Drop privileges\n"
" --configuration=PATH Configuration file or directory\n"
" --machine=MACHINE Connect to specified machine\n"
" --address=ADDRESS Connect to the bus specified by ADDRESS\n"
" (default: " DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_PATH ")\n",
program_invocation_short_name);
return 0;
}
static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
enum {
ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
ARG_ADDRESS,
ARG_DROP_PRIVILEGES,
ARG_CONFIGURATION,
ARG_MACHINE,
};
static const struct option options[] = {
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
{ "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
{ "address", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ADDRESS },
{ "drop-privileges", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_PRIVILEGES },
{ "configuration", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIGURATION },
{ "machine", required_argument, NULL, ARG_MACHINE },
{},
};
int c, r;
assert(argc >= 0);
assert(argv);
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", options, NULL)) >= 0)
switch (c) {
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case ARG_VERSION:
puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
return 0;
case ARG_ADDRESS: {
char *a;
a = strdup(optarg);
if (!a)
return log_oom();
free(arg_address);
arg_address = a;
break;
}
case ARG_DROP_PRIVILEGES:
arg_drop_privileges = true;
break;
case ARG_CONFIGURATION:
r = strv_extend(&arg_configuration, optarg);
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
break;
case ARG_MACHINE: {
_cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL;
char *a;
e = bus_address_escape(optarg);
if (!e)
return log_oom();
#ifdef ENABLE_KDBUS
a = strjoin("x-container-kernel:machine=", e, ";x-container-unix:machine=", e, NULL);
#else
a = strjoin("x-container-unix:machine=", e, NULL);
#endif
if (!a)
return log_oom();
free(arg_address);
arg_address = a;
break;
}
case '?':
return -EINVAL;
default:
assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
}
/* If the first command line argument is only "x" characters
* we'll write who we are talking to into it, so that "ps" is
* explanatory */
arg_command_line_buffer = argv[optind];
if (argc > optind + 1 || (arg_command_line_buffer && !in_charset(arg_command_line_buffer, "x"))) {
log_error("Too many arguments");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!arg_address) {
arg_address = strdup(DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_PATH);
if (!arg_address)
return log_oom();
}
return 1;
}
static int rename_service(sd_bus *a, sd_bus *b) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
_cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *name = NULL;
const char *comm;
char **cmdline;
uid_t uid;
pid_t pid;
int r;
assert(a);
assert(b);
r = sd_bus_get_owner_creds(b, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID|SD_BUS_CREDS_PID|SD_BUS_CREDS_CMDLINE|SD_BUS_CREDS_COMM, &creds);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_creds_get_uid(creds, &uid);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, &pid);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_creds_get_cmdline(creds, &cmdline);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_creds_get_comm(creds, &comm);
if (r < 0)
return r;
name = uid_to_name(uid);
if (!name)
return -ENOMEM;
p = strv_join(cmdline, " ");
if (!p)
return -ENOMEM;
/* The status string gets the full command line ... */
sd_notifyf(false,
"STATUS=Processing requests from client PID "PID_FMT" (%s); UID "UID_FMT" (%s)",
pid, p,
uid, name);
/* ... and the argv line only the short comm */
if (arg_command_line_buffer) {
size_t m, w;
m = strlen(arg_command_line_buffer);
w = snprintf(arg_command_line_buffer, m,
"[PID "PID_FMT"/%s; UID "UID_FMT"/%s]",
pid, comm,
uid, name);
if (m > w)
memzero(arg_command_line_buffer + w, m - w);
}
log_debug("Running on behalf of PID "PID_FMT" (%s), UID "UID_FMT" (%s), %s",
pid, p,
uid, name,
a->unique_name);
return 0;
}
static int synthesize_name_acquired(sd_bus *a, sd_bus *b, sd_bus_message *m) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *n = NULL;
const char *name, *old_owner, *new_owner;
int r;
assert(a);
assert(b);
assert(m);
/* If we get NameOwnerChanged for our own name, we need to
* synthesize NameLost/NameAcquired, since socket clients need
* that, even though it is obsoleted on kdbus */
if (!a->is_kernel)
return 0;
if (!sd_bus_message_is_signal(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "NameOwnerChanged") ||
!streq_ptr(m->path, "/org/freedesktop/DBus") ||
!streq_ptr(m->sender, "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
return 0;
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "sss", &name, &old_owner, &new_owner);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (streq(old_owner, a->unique_name)) {
r = sd_bus_message_new_signal(
b,
&n,
"/org/freedesktop/DBus",
"org.freedesktop.DBus",
"NameLost");
} else if (streq(new_owner, a->unique_name)) {
r = sd_bus_message_new_signal(
b,
&n,
"/org/freedesktop/DBus",
"org.freedesktop.DBus",
"NameAcquired");
} else
return 0;
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_bus_message_append(n, "s", name);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = bus_message_append_sender(n, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = bus_seal_synthetic_message(b, n);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return sd_bus_send(b, n, NULL);
}
static int synthetic_driver_send(sd_bus *b, sd_bus_message *m) {
int r;
assert(b);
assert(m);
r = bus_message_append_sender(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = bus_seal_synthetic_message(b, m);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return sd_bus_send(b, m, NULL);
}
static int synthetic_reply_method_error(sd_bus_message *call, const sd_bus_error *e) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
int r;
assert(call);
if (call->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED)
return 0;
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &m, e);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return synthetic_driver_send(call->bus, m);
}
static int synthetic_reply_method_errno(sd_bus_message *call, int error, const sd_bus_error *p) {
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error berror = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
assert(call);
if (call->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED)
return 0;
if (sd_bus_error_is_set(p))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(call, p);
sd_bus_error_set_errno(&berror, error);
return synthetic_reply_method_error(call, &berror);
}
static int synthetic_reply_method_return(sd_bus_message *call, const char *types, ...) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
int r;
assert(call);
if (call->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED)
return 0;
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(call, &m);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (!isempty(types)) {
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, types);
r = bus_message_append_ap(m, types, ap);
va_end(ap);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
return synthetic_driver_send(call->bus, m);
}
static int synthetic_reply_return_strv(sd_bus_message *call, char **l) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
int r;
assert(call);
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(call, &m);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(call, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_message_append_strv(m, l);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(call, r, NULL);
return synthetic_driver_send(call->bus, m);
}
static int get_creds_by_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **_creds, sd_bus_error *error) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *c = NULL;
int r;
assert(bus);
assert(name);
assert(_creds);
r = sd_bus_get_name_creds(bus, name, mask, &c);
if (r == -ESRCH || r == -ENXIO)
return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER, "Name %s is currently not owned by anyone.", name);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if ((c->mask & mask) != mask)
return -ENOTSUP;
*_creds = c;
c = NULL;
return 0;
}
static int get_creds_by_message(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **_creds, sd_bus_error *error) {
const char *name;
int r;
assert(bus);
assert(m);
assert(_creds);
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return get_creds_by_name(bus, name, mask, _creds, error);
}
static int process_policy(sd_bus *a, sd_bus *b, sd_bus_message *m, Policy *policy, const struct ucred *ucred) {
int r;
char **name;
char **names_strv;
bool granted = false;
Iterator i;
assert(a);
assert(b);
assert(m);
if (!policy)
return 0;
if (b->is_kernel) {
/* The message came from the kernel, and is sent to our legacy client. */
r = sd_bus_creds_get_well_known_names(&m->creds, &names_strv);
if (r < 0)
return r;
STRV_FOREACH(name, names_strv) {
if (policy_check_send(policy, ucred, m->header->type, *name, m->path, m->interface, m->member)) {
r = free_and_strdup(&m->destination_ptr, *name);
if (r < 0)
break;
granted = true;
break;
}
}
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (!granted)
return -EPERM;
granted = false;
HASHMAP_FOREACH(name, names_hash, i) {
if (policy_check_recv(policy, ucred, m->header->type, *name, m->path, m->interface, m->member))
return 0;
}
return -EPERM;
} else {
sd_bus_creds *bus_creds;
/* The message came from the legacy client, and is sent to kdbus. */
r = sd_bus_get_name_creds(a, m->destination, SD_BUS_CREDS_WELL_KNOWN_NAMES, &bus_creds);
if (r < 0)
return r;
STRV_FOREACH(name, names_strv) {
if (policy_check_send(policy, ucred, m->header->type, *name, m->path, m->interface, m->member)) {
r = free_and_strdup(&m->destination_ptr, *name);
if (r < 0)
break;
r = bus_kernel_parse_unique_name(m->sender, &m->verify_destination_id);
if (r < 0)
break;
granted = true;
break;
}
}
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (!granted)
return -EPERM;
granted = false;
HASHMAP_FOREACH(name, names_hash, i) {
if (policy_check_recv(policy, ucred, m->header->type, *name, m->path, m->interface, m->member))
return 0;
}
return -EPERM;
}
return 0;
}
static int process_driver(sd_bus *a, sd_bus *b, sd_bus_message *m, Policy *policy, const struct ucred *ucred) {
int r;
assert(a);
assert(b);
assert(m);
if (!a->is_kernel)
return 0;
if (!streq_ptr(sd_bus_message_get_destination(m), "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
return 0;
/* The "Hello()" call is is handled in process_hello() */
if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable", "Introspect")) {
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, ""))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "s",
"<!DOCTYPE node PUBLIC \"-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Object Introspection 1.0//EN\" "
"\"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/introspect.dtd\">\n"
"<node>\n"
" <interface name=\"org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable\">\n"
" <method name=\"Introspect\">\n"
" <arg name=\"data\" type=\"s\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" </interface>\n"
" <interface name=\"org.freedesktop.DBus\">\n"
" <method name=\"AddMatch\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"RemoveMatch\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"GetConnectionSELinuxSecurityContext\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"ay\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"GetConnectionUnixProcessID\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"GetConnectionUnixUser\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"GetId\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"GetNameOwner\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"Hello\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"ListActivatableNames\">\n"
" <arg type=\"as\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"ListNames\">\n"
" <arg type=\"as\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"ListQueuedOwners\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"as\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"NameHasOwner\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"b\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"ReleaseName\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"ReloadConfig\">\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"RequestName\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"StartServiceByName\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"u\" direction=\"out\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <method name=\"UpdateActivationEnvironment\">\n"
" <arg type=\"a{ss}\" direction=\"in\"/>\n"
" </method>\n"
" <signal name=\"NameAcquired\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\"/>\n"
" </signal>\n"
" <signal name=\"NameLost\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\"/>\n"
" </signal>\n"
" <signal name=\"NameOwnerChanged\">\n"
" <arg type=\"s\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"s\"/>\n"
" <arg type=\"s\"/>\n"
" </signal>\n"
" </interface>\n"
"</node>\n");
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "AddMatch")) {
const char *match;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &match);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_add_match(a, NULL, match, NULL, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, NULL);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "RemoveMatch")) {
const char *match;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &match);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = bus_remove_match_by_string(a, match, NULL, NULL);
if (r == 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_MATCH_RULE_NOT_FOUND, "Match rule not found"));
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, NULL);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "GetConnectionSELinuxSecurityContext")) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = get_creds_by_message(a, m, SD_BUS_CREDS_SELINUX_CONTEXT, &creds, &error);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "y", creds->label, strlen(creds->label));
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "GetConnectionUnixProcessID")) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = get_creds_by_message(a, m, SD_BUS_CREDS_PID, &creds, &error);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", (uint32_t) creds->pid);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "GetConnectionUnixUser")) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = get_creds_by_message(a, m, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID, &creds, &error);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", (uint32_t) creds->uid);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "GetId")) {
sd_id128_t server_id;
char buf[SD_ID128_STRING_MAX];
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, ""))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_get_owner_id(a, &server_id);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "s", sd_id128_to_string(server_id, buf));
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "GetNameOwner")) {
const char *name;
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (streq(name, "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "s", "org.freedesktop.DBus");
r = get_creds_by_name(a, name, SD_BUS_CREDS_UNIQUE_NAME, &creds, &error);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "s", creds->unique_name);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "ListActivatableNames")) {
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **names = NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, ""))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_list_names(a, NULL, &names);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
/* Let's sort the names list to make it stable */
strv_sort(names);
return synthetic_reply_return_strv(m, names);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "ListNames")) {
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **names = NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, ""))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_list_names(a, &names, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = strv_extend(&names, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
/* Let's sort the names list to make it stable */
strv_sort(names);
return synthetic_reply_return_strv(m, names);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "ListQueuedOwners")) {
struct kdbus_cmd_name_list cmd = {};
struct kdbus_name_list *name_list;
struct kdbus_cmd_free cmd_free;
struct kdbus_name_info *name;
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **owners = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
char *arg0;
int err = 0;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &arg0);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_get_name_creds(a, arg0, 0, NULL);
if (r == -ESRCH || r == -ENXIO) {
sd_bus_error_setf(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER, "Could not get owners of name '%s': no such name.", arg0);
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
}
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
cmd.flags = KDBUS_NAME_LIST_QUEUED;
r = ioctl(a->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_NAME_LIST, &cmd);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -errno, NULL);
name_list = (struct kdbus_name_list *) ((uint8_t *) a->kdbus_buffer + cmd.offset);
KDBUS_ITEM_FOREACH(name, name_list, names) {
const char *entry_name = NULL;
struct kdbus_item *item;
char *n;
KDBUS_ITEM_FOREACH(item, name, items)
if (item->type == KDBUS_ITEM_OWNED_NAME)
entry_name = item->name.name;
if (!streq_ptr(entry_name, arg0))
continue;
if (asprintf(&n, ":1.%llu", (unsigned long long) name->owner_id) < 0) {
err = -ENOMEM;
break;
}
r = strv_consume(&owners, n);
if (r < 0) {
err = r;
break;
}
}
cmd_free.flags = 0;
cmd_free.offset = cmd.offset;
r = ioctl(a->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_FREE, &cmd_free);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (err < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, err, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_return_strv(m, owners);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "NameHasOwner")) {
const char *name;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (streq(name, "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "b", true);
r = sd_bus_get_name_creds(a, name, 0, NULL);
if (r < 0 && r != -ESRCH && r != -ENXIO)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "b", r >= 0);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "ReleaseName")) {
const char *name;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "s"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_release_name(a, name);
if (r < 0) {
if (r == -ESRCH)
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_NON_EXISTENT);
if (r == -EADDRINUSE)
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_NOT_OWNER);
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
}
hashmap_remove(names_hash, name);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_RELEASED);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "ReloadConfig")) {
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, ""))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_error_setf(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED, "%s() is not supported", sd_bus_message_get_member(m));
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "RequestName")) {
const char *name;
uint32_t flags, param;
bool in_queue;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "su"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "su", &name, &flags);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (policy && !policy_check_own(policy, ucred, name))
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -EPERM, NULL);
if ((flags & ~(BUS_NAME_ALLOW_REPLACEMENT|BUS_NAME_REPLACE_EXISTING|BUS_NAME_DO_NOT_QUEUE)) != 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -EINVAL, NULL);
param = 0;
if (flags & BUS_NAME_ALLOW_REPLACEMENT)
param |= SD_BUS_NAME_ALLOW_REPLACEMENT;
if (flags & BUS_NAME_REPLACE_EXISTING)
param |= SD_BUS_NAME_REPLACE_EXISTING;
if (!(flags & BUS_NAME_DO_NOT_QUEUE))
param |= SD_BUS_NAME_QUEUE;
r = sd_bus_request_name(a, name, param);
if (r < 0) {
if (r == -EEXIST)
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_EXISTS);
if (r == -EALREADY)
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_ALREADY_OWNER);
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
}
in_queue = (r == 0);
r = hashmap_put(names_hash, name, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (in_queue)
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_IN_QUEUE);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_NAME_PRIMARY_OWNER);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "StartServiceByName")) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *msg = NULL;
const char *name;
uint32_t flags;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "su"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "su", &name, &flags);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (flags != 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -EINVAL, NULL);
r = sd_bus_get_name_creds(a, name, 0, NULL);
if (r >= 0 || streq(name, "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_START_REPLY_ALREADY_RUNNING);
if (r != -ESRCH)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
a,
&msg,
name,
"/",
"org.freedesktop.DBus.Peer",
"Ping");
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_send(a, msg, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, "u", BUS_START_REPLY_SUCCESS);
} else if (sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "UpdateActivationEnvironment")) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *msg = NULL;
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **args = NULL;
if (!sd_bus_message_has_signature(m, "a{ss}"))
return synthetic_reply_method_error(m, &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST(SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid parameters"));
r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "{ss}");
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, "ss")) > 0) {
_cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
const char *key;
const char *value;
r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "ss", &key, &value);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
s = strjoin(key, "=", value, NULL);
if (!s)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -ENOMEM, NULL);
r = strv_extend(&args, s);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
}
r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
if (!args)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, -EINVAL, NULL);
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
a,
&msg,
"org.freedesktop.systemd1",
"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
"SetEnvironment");
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_message_append_strv(msg, args);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
r = sd_bus_call(a, msg, 0, NULL, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, NULL);
return synthetic_reply_method_return(m, NULL);
} else {
_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
r = sd_bus_error_setf(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_METHOD, "Unknown method '%s'.", m->member);
return synthetic_reply_method_errno(m, r, &error);
}
}
static int process_hello(sd_bus *a, sd_bus *b, sd_bus_message *m, Policy *policy, const struct ucred *ucred, bool *got_hello) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *n = NULL;
bool is_hello;
int r;
assert(a);
assert(b);
assert(m);
assert(got_hello);
/* As reaction to hello we need to respond with two messages:
* the callback reply and the NameAcquired for the unique
* name, since hello is otherwise obsolete on kdbus. */
is_hello =
sd_bus_message_is_method_call(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "Hello") &&
streq_ptr(m->destination, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (!is_hello) {
if (*got_hello)
return 0;
log_error("First packet isn't hello (it's %s.%s), aborting.", m->interface, m->member);
return -EIO;
}
if (*got_hello) {
log_error("Got duplicate hello, aborting.");
return -EIO;
}
if (policy && !policy_check_hello(policy, ucred)) {
log_error("Policy denied HELLO");
return -EPERM;
}
*got_hello = true;
if (!a->is_kernel)
return 0;
r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(m, &n);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to generate HELLO reply: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = sd_bus_message_append(n, "s", a->unique_name);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to append unique name to HELLO reply: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = bus_message_append_sender(n, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to append sender to HELLO reply: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = bus_seal_synthetic_message(b, n);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to seal HELLO reply: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = sd_bus_send(b, n, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to send HELLO reply: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
n = sd_bus_message_unref(n);
r = sd_bus_message_new_signal(
b,
&n,
"/org/freedesktop/DBus",
"org.freedesktop.DBus",
"NameAcquired");
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to allocate initial NameAcquired message: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = sd_bus_message_append(n, "s", a->unique_name);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to append unique name to NameAcquired message: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = bus_message_append_sender(n, "org.freedesktop.DBus");
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to append sender to NameAcquired message: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = bus_seal_synthetic_message(b, n);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to seal NameAcquired message: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
r = sd_bus_send(b, n, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to send NameAcquired message: %s", strerror(-r));
return r;
}
return 1;
}
static int patch_sender(sd_bus *a, sd_bus_message *m) {
char **well_known = NULL;
sd_bus_creds *c;
int r;
assert(a);
assert(m);
if (!a->is_kernel)
return 0;
/* We will change the sender of messages from the bus driver
* so that they originate from the bus driver. This is a
* speciality originating from dbus1, where the bus driver did
* not have a unique id, but only the well-known name. */
c = sd_bus_message_get_creds(m);
if (!c)
return 0;
r = sd_bus_creds_get_well_known_names(c, &well_known);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (strv_contains(well_known, "org.freedesktop.DBus"))
m->sender = "org.freedesktop.DBus";
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
_cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *bus_creds = NULL;
_cleanup_bus_close_unref_ sd_bus *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
sd_id128_t server_id;
int r, in_fd, out_fd;
bool got_hello = false;
bool is_unix;
struct ucred ucred = {};
_cleanup_free_ char *peersec = NULL;
Policy policy = {};
log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
log_parse_environment();
log_open();
r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
if (r <= 0)
goto finish;
r = policy_load(&policy, arg_configuration);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to load policy: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
/* policy_dump(&policy); */
r = sd_listen_fds(0);
if (r == 0) {
in_fd = STDIN_FILENO;
out_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
} else if (r == 1) {
in_fd = SD_LISTEN_FDS_START;
out_fd = SD_LISTEN_FDS_START;
} else {
log_error("Illegal number of file descriptors passed");
goto finish;
}
is_unix =
sd_is_socket(in_fd, AF_UNIX, 0, 0) > 0 &&
sd_is_socket(out_fd, AF_UNIX, 0, 0) > 0;
if (is_unix) {
(void) getpeercred(in_fd, &ucred);
(void) getpeersec(in_fd, &peersec);
}
if (arg_drop_privileges) {
const char *user = "systemd-bus-proxy";
uid_t uid;
gid_t gid;
r = get_user_creds(&user, &uid, &gid, NULL, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Cannot resolve user name %s: %s", user, strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = drop_privileges(uid, gid, 1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
}
names_hash = hashmap_new(&string_hash_ops);
if (!names_hash) {
log_oom();
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_new(&a);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to allocate bus: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_set_description(a, "sd-proxy");
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set bus name: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_set_address(a, arg_address);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set address to connect to: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_negotiate_fds(a, is_unix);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set FD negotiation: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
if (ucred.pid > 0) {
a->fake_pids.pid = ucred.pid;
a->fake_pids_valid = true;
a->fake_creds.uid = ucred.uid;
a->fake_creds.euid = (uid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds.suid = (uid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds.fsuid = (uid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds.gid = ucred.gid;
a->fake_creds.egid = (gid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds.sgid = (gid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds.fsgid = (gid_t) -1;
a->fake_creds_valid = true;
}
if (peersec) {
a->fake_label = peersec;
peersec = NULL;
}
a->manual_peer_interface = true;
r = sd_bus_start(a);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to start bus client: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_get_owner_id(a, &server_id);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get server ID: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_get_owner_creds(a, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID, &bus_creds);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get bus creds: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_new(&b);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to allocate bus: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_set_fd(b, in_fd, out_fd);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set fds: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_set_server(b, 1, server_id);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set server mode: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_negotiate_fds(b, is_unix);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set FD negotiation: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_set_anonymous(b, true);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to set anonymous authentication: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
b->manual_peer_interface = true;
r = sd_bus_start(b);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to start bus client: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = rename_service(a, b);
if (r < 0)
log_debug("Failed to rename process: %s", strerror(-r));
if (a->is_kernel) {
_cleanup_free_ char *match = NULL;
const char *unique;
r = sd_bus_get_unique_name(a, &unique);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get unique name: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
match = strjoin("type='signal',"
"sender='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
"path='/org/freedesktop/DBus',"
"interface='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
"member='NameOwnerChanged',"
"arg1='",
unique,
"'",
NULL);
if (!match) {
log_oom();
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_add_match(a, NULL, match, NULL, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to add match for NameLost: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
free(match);
match = strjoin("type='signal',"
"sender='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
"path='/org/freedesktop/DBus',"
"interface='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
"member='NameOwnerChanged',"
"arg2='",
unique,
"'",
NULL);
if (!match) {
log_oom();
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_add_match(a, NULL, match, NULL, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to add match for NameAcquired: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
}
for (;;) {
_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
int events_a, events_b, fd;
uint64_t timeout_a, timeout_b, t;
struct timespec _ts, *ts;
struct pollfd *pollfd;
int k;
if (got_hello) {
r = sd_bus_process(a, &m);
if (r < 0) {
/* treat 'connection reset by peer' as clean exit condition */
if (r == -ECONNRESET)
r = 0;
else
log_error("Failed to process bus a: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
if (m) {
/* We officially got EOF, let's quit */
if (sd_bus_message_is_signal(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local", "Disconnected")) {
r = 0;
goto finish;
}
k = synthesize_name_acquired(a, b, m);
if (k < 0) {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to synthesize message: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
patch_sender(a, m);
k = sd_bus_send(b, m, NULL);
if (k < 0) {
if (k == -ECONNRESET)
r = 0;
else {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to send message: %s", strerror(-r));
}
goto finish;
}
}
if (r > 0)
continue;
}
r = sd_bus_process(b, &m);
if (r < 0) {
/* treat 'connection reset by peer' as clean exit condition */
if (r == -ECONNRESET)
r = 0;
else
log_error("Failed to process bus b: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
if (m) {
Policy *p = NULL;
uid_t uid;
assert_se(sd_bus_creds_get_uid(bus_creds, &uid) == 0);
/*
if (uid == 0 || uid != ucred.uid)
p = &policy;
*/
/* We officially got EOF, let's quit */
if (sd_bus_message_is_signal(m, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local", "Disconnected")) {
r = 0;
goto finish;
}
k = process_hello(a, b, m, p, &ucred, &got_hello);
if (k < 0) {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to process HELLO: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
if (k > 0)
r = k;
else {
k = process_driver(a, b, m, p, &ucred);
if (k < 0) {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to process driver calls: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
if (k > 0)
r = k;
else {
bool retry;
do {
retry = false;
k = process_policy(a, b, m, p, &ucred);
if (k < 0) {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to process policy: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
k = sd_bus_send(a, m, NULL);
if (k < 0) {
if (k == -ECONNRESET)
r = 0;
else if (k == -EREMCHG)
retry = true;
else {
r = k;
log_error("Failed to send message: %s", strerror(-r));
}
if (!retry)
goto finish;
}
} while (retry);
}
}
}
if (r > 0)
continue;
fd = sd_bus_get_fd(a);
if (fd < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get fd: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
events_a = sd_bus_get_events(a);
if (events_a < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get events mask: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_get_timeout(a, &timeout_a);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get timeout: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
events_b = sd_bus_get_events(b);
if (events_b < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get events mask: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_get_timeout(b, &timeout_b);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to get timeout: %s", strerror(-r));
goto finish;
}
t = timeout_a;
if (t == (uint64_t) -1 || (timeout_b != (uint64_t) -1 && timeout_b < timeout_a))
t = timeout_b;
if (t == (uint64_t) -1)
ts = NULL;
else {
usec_t nw;
nw = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
if (t > nw)
t -= nw;
else
t = 0;
ts = timespec_store(&_ts, t);
}
pollfd = (struct pollfd[3]) {
{.fd = fd, .events = events_a, },
{.fd = in_fd, .events = events_b & POLLIN, },
{.fd = out_fd, .events = events_b & POLLOUT, }
};
r = ppoll(pollfd, 3, ts, NULL);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("ppoll() failed: %m");
goto finish;
}
}
finish:
sd_notify(false,
"STOPPING=1\n"
"STATUS=Shutting down.");
policy_free(&policy);
strv_free(arg_configuration);
hashmap_free(names_hash);
free(arg_address);
return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
}