411 lines
19 KiB
XML
411 lines
19 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="journald.conf"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>journald.conf</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>journald.conf</refname>
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<refname>journald.conf.d</refname>
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<refpurpose>Journal service configuration files</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/etc/systemd/journald.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/run/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>These files configure various parameters of the systemd
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journal service,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<xi:include href="standard-conf.xml" xpointer="main-conf" />
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>All options are configured in the
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<literal>[Journal]</literal> section:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Storage=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where to store journal data. One of
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<literal>volatile</literal>,
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<literal>persistent</literal>,
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<literal>auto</literal> and
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<literal>none</literal>. If
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<literal>volatile</literal>, journal
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log data will be stored only in memory, i.e. below the
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<filename>/run/log/journal</filename> hierarchy (which is
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created if needed). If <literal>persistent</literal>, data
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will be stored preferably on disk, i.e. below the
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<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> hierarchy (which is
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created if needed), with a fallback to
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<filename>/run/log/journal</filename> (which is created if
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needed), during early boot and if the disk is not writable.
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<literal>auto</literal> is similar to
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<literal>persistent</literal> but the directory
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<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> is not created if
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needed, so that its existence controls where log data goes.
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<literal>none</literal> turns off all storage, all log data
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received will be dropped. Forwarding to other targets, such as
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the console, the kernel log buffer, or a syslog socket will
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still work however. Defaults to
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<literal>auto</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Compress=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value. If enabled (the
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default), data objects that shall be stored in the journal and
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are larger than a certain threshold are compressed before they
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are written to the file system.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Seal=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value. If enabled (the
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default), and a sealing key is available (as created by
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>'s
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<option>--setup-keys</option> command), Forward Secure Sealing
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(FSS) for all persistent journal files is enabled. FSS is
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based on <ulink
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url="https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/397">Seekable Sequential Key
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Generators</ulink> by G. A. Marson and B. Poettering
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(doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40203-6_7) and may be used to protect
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journal files from unnoticed alteration.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SplitMode=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls whether to split up journal files per
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user. One of <literal>uid</literal>, <literal>login</literal>
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and <literal>none</literal>. If <literal>uid</literal>, all
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users will get each their own journal files regardless of
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whether they possess a login session or not, however system
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users will log into the system journal. If
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<literal>login</literal>, actually logged-in users will get
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each their own journal files, but users without login session
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and system users will log into the system journal. If
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<literal>none</literal>, journal files are not split up by
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user and all messages are instead stored in the single system
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journal. Note that splitting up journal files by user is only
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available for journals stored persistently. If journals are
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stored on volatile storage (see above), only a single journal
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file for all user IDs is kept. Defaults to
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<literal>uid</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>RateLimitBurst=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures the rate limiting that is applied
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to all messages generated on the system. If, in the time
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interval defined by <varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname>,
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more messages than specified in
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<varname>RateLimitBurst=</varname> are logged by a service,
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all further messages within the interval are dropped until the
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interval is over. A message about the number of dropped
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messages is generated. This rate limiting is applied
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per-service, so that two services which log do not interfere
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with each other's limits. Defaults to 1000 messages in 30s.
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The time specification for
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<varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname> may be specified in the
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following units: <literal>s</literal>, <literal>min</literal>,
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<literal>h</literal>, <literal>ms</literal>,
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<literal>us</literal>. To turn off any kind of rate limiting,
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set either value to 0.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>SystemMaxFiles=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>RuntimeMaxFileSize=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>RuntimeMaxFiles=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Enforce size limits on the journal files
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stored. The options prefixed with <literal>System</literal>
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apply to the journal files when stored on a persistent file
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system, more specifically
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<filename>/var/log/journal</filename>. The options prefixed
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with <literal>Runtime</literal> apply to the journal files
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when stored on a volatile in-memory file system, more
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specifically <filename>/run/log/journal</filename>. The former
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is used only when <filename>/var</filename> is mounted,
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writable, and the directory
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<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> exists. Otherwise, only
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the latter applies. Note that this means that during early
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boot and if the administrator disabled persistent logging,
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only the latter options apply, while the former apply if
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persistent logging is enabled and the system is fully booted
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up. <command>journalctl</command> and
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<command>systemd-journald</command> ignore all files with
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names not ending with <literal>.journal</literal> or
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<literal>.journal~</literal>, so only such files, located in
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the appropriate directories, are taken into account when
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calculating current disk usage.</para>
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<para><varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> and
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<varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname> control how much disk space
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the journal may use up at most.
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<varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname> and
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<varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname> control how much disk
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space systemd-journald shall leave free for other uses.
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<command>systemd-journald</command> will respect both limits
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and use the smaller of the two values.</para>
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<para>The first pair defaults to 10% and the second to 15% of
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the size of the respective file system, but each value is
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capped to 4G. If the file system is nearly full and either
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<varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname> or
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<varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname> are violated when
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systemd-journald is started, the limit will be raised to the
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percentage that is actually free. This means that if there was
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enough free space before and journal files were created, and
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subsequently something else causes the file system to fill up,
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journald will stop using more space, but it will not be
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removing existing files to reduce the footprint again,
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either.</para>
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<para><varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname> and
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<varname>RuntimeMaxFileSize=</varname> control how large
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individual journal files may grow at most. This influences
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the granularity in which disk space is made available through
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rotation, i.e. deletion of historic data. Defaults to one
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eighth of the values configured with
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<varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> and
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<varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname>, so that usually seven
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rotated journal files are kept as history.</para>
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<para>Specify values in bytes or use K, M, G, T, P, E as
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units for the specified sizes (equal to 1024, 1024², ... bytes).
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Note that size limits are enforced synchronously when journal
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files are extended, and no explicit rotation step triggered by
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time is needed.</para>
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<para><varname>SystemMaxFiles=</varname> and
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<varname>RuntimeMaxFiles=</varname> control how many
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individual journal files to keep at most. Note that only
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archived files are deleted to reduce the number of files until
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this limit is reached; active files will stay around. This
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means that, in effect, there might still be more journal files
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around in total than this limit after a vacuuming operation is
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complete. This setting defaults to 100.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MaxFileSec=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>The maximum time to store entries in a single
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journal file before rotating to the next one. Normally,
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time-based rotation should not be required as size-based
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rotation with options such as
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<varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname> should be sufficient to
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ensure that journal files do not grow without bounds. However,
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to ensure that not too much data is lost at once when old
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journal files are deleted, it might make sense to change this
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value from the default of one month. Set to 0 to turn off this
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feature. This setting takes time values which may be suffixed
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with the units <literal>year</literal>,
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<literal>month</literal>, <literal>week</literal>,
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<literal>day</literal>, <literal>h</literal> or
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<literal>m</literal> to override the default time unit of
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seconds.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MaxRetentionSec=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>The maximum time to store journal entries.
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This controls whether journal files containing entries older
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then the specified time span are deleted. Normally, time-based
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deletion of old journal files should not be required as
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size-based deletion with options such as
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<varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> should be sufficient to
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ensure that journal files do not grow without bounds. However,
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to enforce data retention policies, it might make sense to
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change this value from the default of 0 (which turns off this
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feature). This setting also takes time values which may be
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suffixed with the units <literal>year</literal>,
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<literal>month</literal>, <literal>week</literal>,
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<literal>day</literal>, <literal>h</literal> or <literal>
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m</literal> to override the default time unit of
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seconds.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SyncIntervalSec=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>The timeout before synchronizing journal files
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to disk. After syncing, journal files are placed in the
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OFFLINE state. Note that syncing is unconditionally done
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immediately after a log message of priority CRIT, ALERT or
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EMERG has been logged. This setting hence applies only to
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messages of the levels ERR, WARNING, NOTICE, INFO, DEBUG. The
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default timeout is 5 minutes. </para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ForwardToKMsg=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ForwardToConsole=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ForwardToWall=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Control whether log messages received by the
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journal daemon shall be forwarded to a traditional syslog
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daemon, to the kernel log buffer (kmsg), to the system
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console, or sent as wall messages to all logged-in users.
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These options take boolean arguments. If forwarding to syslog
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is enabled but nothing reads messages from the socket,
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forwarding to syslog has no effect. By default, only
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forwarding to wall is enabled. These settings may be
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overridden at boot time with the kernel command line options
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<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</literal>,
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<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</literal>,
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<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</literal>, and
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<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</literal>. When
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forwarding to the console, the TTY to log to can be changed
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with <varname>TTYPath=</varname>, described
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below.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MaxLevelStore=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>MaxLevelSyslog=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>MaxLevelKMsg=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>MaxLevelConsole=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>MaxLevelWall=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls the maximum log level of messages
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that are stored on disk, forwarded to syslog, kmsg, the
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console or wall (if that is enabled, see above). As argument,
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takes one of
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<literal>emerg</literal>,
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<literal>alert</literal>,
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<literal>crit</literal>,
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<literal>err</literal>,
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<literal>warning</literal>,
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<literal>notice</literal>,
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<literal>info</literal>,
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<literal>debug</literal>,
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or integer values in the range of 0–7 (corresponding to the
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same levels). Messages equal or below the log level specified
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are stored/forwarded, messages above are dropped. Defaults to
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<literal>debug</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelStore=</varname>
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and <varname>MaxLevelSyslog=</varname>, to ensure that the all
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messages are written to disk and forwarded to syslog. Defaults
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to
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<literal>notice</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelKMsg=</varname>,
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<literal>info</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelConsole=</varname>,
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and <literal>emerg</literal> for
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<varname>MaxLevelWall=</varname>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>TTYPath=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Change the console TTY to use if
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<varname>ForwardToConsole=yes</varname> is used. Defaults to
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<filename>/dev/console</filename>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Forwarding to traditional syslog daemons</title>
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<para>
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Journal events can be transferred to a different logging daemon
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in two different ways. With the first method, messages are
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immediately forwarded to a socket
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(<filename>/run/systemd/journal/syslog</filename>), where the
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traditional syslog daemon can read them. This method is
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controlled by the <varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname> option. With a
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second method, a syslog daemon behaves like a normal journal
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client, and reads messages from the journal files, similarly to
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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With this, messages do not have to be read immediately,
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which allows a logging daemon which is only started late in boot
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to access all messages since the start of the system. In
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addition, full structured meta-data is available to it. This
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method of course is available only if the messages are stored in
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a journal file at all. So it will not work if
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<varname>Storage=none</varname> is set. It should be noted that
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usually the <emphasis>second</emphasis> method is used by syslog
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daemons, so the <varname>Storage=</varname> option, and not the
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<varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname> option, is relevant for them.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>See Also</title>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
</para>
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||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
</refentry>
|