415 lines
24 KiB
XML
415 lines
24 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2014 Tom Gundersen
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.link">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.link</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Gundersen</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.link</refname>
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<refpurpose>Network device configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename><replaceable>link</replaceable>.link</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>Network link configuration is performed by the <command>net_setup_link</command>
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udev builtin.</para>
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<para>The link files are read from the files located in the
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system network directory <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>,
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the volatile runtime network directory <filename>/run/systemd/network</filename>,
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and the local administration network directory <filename>/etc/systemd/network</filename>.
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Link files must have the extension <filename>.link</filename>; other extensions are ignored.
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All link files are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order,
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regardless of the directories in which they live. However, files with
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identical filenames replace each other. Files in <filename>/etc</filename>
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have the highest priority, files in <filename>/run</filename> take precedence
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over files with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be
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used to override a system-supplied link file with a local file if needed;
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a symlink in <filename>/etc</filename> with the same name as a link file in
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<filename>/usr/lib</filename>, pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename>,
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disables the link file entirely.</para>
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<para>The link file contains a <literal>[Match]</literal> section, which
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determines if a given link file may be applied to a given device; and a
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<literal>[Link]</literal> section specifying how the device should be
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configured. The first (in lexical order) of the link files that matches
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a given device is applied.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Match] Section Options</title>
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<para>A link file is said to match a device if each of the entries in the
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<literal>[Match]</literal> section matches, or if the section is empty.
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The following keys are accepted:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The hardware address.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>OriginalName=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The device name, as exposed by the udev
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property "INTERFACE". May contain shell style
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globs. This can not be used to match on names
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that have already been changed from userspace.
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Caution is advised when matching on
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kernel-assigned names, as they are known to
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be unstable between reboots.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Path=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The persistent path, as exposed by the
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udev property <literal>ID_PATH</literal>. May
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contain shell style globs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Driver=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The driver currently bound to the device,
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as exposed by the udev property <literal>DRIVER</literal>
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of its parent device, or if that is not set, the
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driver as exposed by <literal>ethtool -i</literal>
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of the device itself.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Type=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The device type, as exposed by the udev
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property <literal>DEVTYPE</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Host=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Matches against the hostname or machine
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ID of the host. See <literal>ConditionHost=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Virtualization=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is executed in
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a virtualized environment and optionally test
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whether it is a specific implementation. See
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<literal>ConditionVirtualization=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>KernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether a specific kernel command
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line option is set (or if prefixed with the
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exclamation mark unset). See
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<literal>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Architecture=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is running on a
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specific architecture. See
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<literal>ConditionArchitecture=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Link] Section Options</title>
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<para>The <literal>[Link]</literal> section accepts the following
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keys:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A description of the device.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Alias=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <literal>ifalias</literal> is set to
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this value.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddressPolicy=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The policy by which the MAC address
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should be set. The available policies are:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>persistent</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the hardware has a persistent
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MAC address, as most hardware should,
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and if it is used by the kernel, nothing
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is done. Otherwise, a new MAC address
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is generated which is guaranteed to be
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the same on every boot for the given
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machine and the given device, but which
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is otherwise random.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>random</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the kernel is using a random MAC
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address, nothing is done. Otherwise, a new
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address is randomly generated each time the
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device appears, typically at boot.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The MAC address to use, if no
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<literal>MACAddressPolicy=</literal>
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is specified.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>NamePolicy=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An ordered, space-separated list of
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policies by which the interface name should
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be set. <literal>NamePolicy</literal> may be
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disabled by specifying
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<literal>net.ifnames=0</literal> on the kernel
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command line. Each of the policies may fail, and
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the first successful one is used. The name is
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not set directly, but is exported to udev as
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the property <literal>ID_NET_NAME</literal>,
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which is, by default, used by a udev rule to set
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<literal>NAME</literal>. If the name has already
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been set by userspace, no renaming is performed.
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The available policies are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>kernel</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the kernel claims that the name it
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has set for a device is predictable, then
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no renaming is performed.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>database</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on entries in
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the udev's Hardware Database with the key
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<literal>ID_NET_NAME_FROM_DATABASE</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>onboard</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on information given by
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the firmware for on-board devices, as exported by
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the udev property <literal>ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>slot</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on information given by
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the firmware for hot-plug devices, as exported by
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the udev property <literal>ID_NET_NAME_SLOT</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>path</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on the device's physical
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location, as exported by the udev property
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<literal>ID_NET_NAME_PATH</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>mac</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on the device's
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persistent MAC address, as exported by the udev
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property <literal>ID_NET_NAME_MAC</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Name=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The interface name to use in case all the
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policies specified in
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<varname>NamePolicy=</varname> fail, or in case
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<varname>NamePolicy=</varname> is missing or
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disabled.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MTUBytes=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The maximum transmission unit in bytes to
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set for the device. The usual suffixes K, M, G,
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are supported and are understood to the base of
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1024.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>BitsPerSecond=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The speed to set for the device, the
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value is rounded down to the nearest Mbps.
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The usual suffixes K, M, G, are supported and
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are understood to the base of 1000.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Duplex=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The duplex mode to set for the device.
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The accepted values are <literal>half</literal>
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and <literal>full</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>WakeOnLan=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Wake-on-LAN policy to set for the
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device. The supported values are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>phy</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on PHY activity.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>magic</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on receipt of a magic packet.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>off</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Never wake.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Example</title>
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<example>
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<title>/etc/systemd/network/wireless.link</title>
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<programlisting>[Match]
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MACAddress=12:34:56:78:9a:bc
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Driver=brcmsmac
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Path=pci-0000:02:00.0-*
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Type=wlan
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Virtualization=no
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Host=my-laptop
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Architecture=x86-64
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[Link]
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Name=wireless0
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MTUBytes=1450
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BitsPerSecond=10M
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WakeOnLan=magic
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MACAddress=cb:a9:87:65:43:21</programlisting>
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</example>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>udevadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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