diff --git a/src/libstore/build/local-derivation-goal.cc b/src/libstore/build/local-derivation-goal.cc
index 23a5df85e..9b59a4cf5 100644
--- a/src/libstore/build/local-derivation-goal.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/build/local-derivation-goal.cc
@@ -2474,7 +2474,13 @@ void LocalDerivationGoal::registerOutputs()
         infos.emplace(outputName, std::move(newInfo));
     }
 
-    if (buildMode == bmCheck) return;
+    if (buildMode == bmCheck) {
+        // In case of FOD mismatches on `--check` an error must be thrown as this is also
+        // a source for non-determinism.
+        if (delayedException)
+            std::rethrow_exception(delayedException);
+        return;
+    }
 
     /* Apply output checks. */
     checkOutputs(infos);
diff --git a/tests/fixed.nix b/tests/fixed.nix
index 76580ffa1..babe71504 100644
--- a/tests/fixed.nix
+++ b/tests/fixed.nix
@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ rec {
     (f ./fixed.builder2.sh "recursive" "sha1" "vw46m23bizj4n8afrc0fj19wrp7mj3c0")
   ];
 
+  # Expression to test that `nix-build --check` also throws an error if the hash of
+  # fixed-output derivation has changed even if the hash exists in the store (in this
+  # case the hash exists because of `fixed.builder2.sh`, but building a derivation
+  # with the same hash and a different result must throw an error).
+  check = [
+    (f ./fixed.builder1.sh "recursive" "md5" "3670af73070fa14077ad74e0f5ea4e42")
+  ];
+
   good2 = [
     # Yes, this looks fscked up: builder2 doesn't have that result.
     # But Nix sees that an output with the desired hash already
diff --git a/tests/fixed.sh b/tests/fixed.sh
index 90c4c8c32..f1e1ce420 100644
--- a/tests/fixed.sh
+++ b/tests/fixed.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ nix path-info --json $path | grep fixed:md5:2qk15sxzzjlnpjk9brn7j8ppcd
 echo 'testing good...'
 nix-build fixed.nix -A good --no-out-link
 
+if isDaemonNewer "2.4pre20210927"; then
+    echo 'testing --check...'
+    nix-build fixed.nix -A check --check && fail "should fail"
+fi
+
 echo 'testing good2...'
 nix-build fixed.nix -A good2 --no-out-link