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<refentry id="systemd-escape"
          xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">

        <refentryinfo>
                <title>systemd-escape</title>
                <productname>systemd</productname>

                <authorgroup>
                        <author>
                                <contrib>Developer</contrib>
                                <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
                                <surname>Poettering</surname>
                                <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
                        </author>
                </authorgroup>
        </refentryinfo>

        <refmeta>
                <refentrytitle>systemd-escape</refentrytitle>
                <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
        </refmeta>

        <refnamediv>
                <refname>systemd-escape</refname>
                <refpurpose>Escape strings for usage in system unit names</refpurpose>
        </refnamediv>

        <refsynopsisdiv>
                <cmdsynopsis>
                        <command>systemd-escape <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">STRING</arg></command>
                </cmdsynopsis>
        </refsynopsisdiv>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Description</title>

                <para><command>systemd-escape</command> may be used to
                escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
                names. The command may be used to escape and to undo
                escaping of strings.</para>

                <para>The command takes any number of strings on the
                command line, and will process them individually, one
                after the other. It will output them separated by
                spaces to stdout.</para>

                <para>By default this command will escape the strings
                passed, unless <option>--unescape</option> is passed
                which results in the inverse operation being
                applied. If <option>--mangle</option> a special mode
                of escaping is applied instead, which assumes a string
                to be already escaped but will escape everything that
                appears obviously non-escaped.</para>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Options</title>

                <para>The following options are understood:</para>

                <variablelist>
                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><option>--suffix=</option></term>

                                <listitem><para>Appends the specified
                                unit type suffix to the escaped
                                string. Takes one of the unit types
                                supported by systemd, such as
                                <literal>.service</literal> or
                                <literal>.mount</literal>. May not be
                                used in conjunction with
                                <option>--template=</option>,
                                <option>--unescape</option> or
                                <option>--mangle</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><option>--template=</option></term>

                                <listitem><para>Inserts the escaped
                                strings in a unit name template. Takes
                                a unit name template such as
                                <filename>foobar@.service</filename>
                                May not be used in conjunction with
                                <option>--suffix=</option>,
                                <option>--unescape</option> or
                                <option>--mangle</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><option>--path</option></term>
                                <term><option>-p</option></term>

                                <listitem><para>When escaping or
                                unescaping a string, assume it refers
                                to a file system path. This enables
                                special processing of the initial
                                <literal>/</literal> of the
                                path.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><option>--unescape</option></term>

                                <listitem><para>Instead of escaping
                                the specified strings, undo the
                                escaping, reversing the operation. May
                                not be used in conjunction with
                                <option>--suffix=</option>,
                                <option>--template=</option> or
                                <option>--mangle</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><option>--mangle</option></term>

                                <listitem><para>Like
                                <option>--escape</option>, but only
                                escape characters that are obviously
                                not escaped yet, and possibly
                                automatically append an appropriate
                                unit type suffix to the string. May
                                not be used in conjunction with
                                <option>--suffix=</option>,
                                <option>--template=</option> or
                                <option>--unescape</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
                        <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
                </variablelist>

        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Examples</title>

                <para>Escape a single string:</para>
                <programlisting>$ systemd-escape 'Hallöchen, Meister'
Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister</programlisting>

                <para>To undo escaping on a single string:</para>
                <programlisting>$ systemd-escape -u 'Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister'
Hallöchen, Meister</programlisting>

                <para>To generate the mount unit for a path:</para>
                <programlisting>$ systemd-escape -p --suffix=mount "/tmp//waldi/foobar/"
tmp-waldi-foobar.mount</programlisting>

                <para>To generate instance names of three strings</para>
                <programlisting>$ systemd-escape --template=systemd-nspawn@.service 'My Container 1' 'containerb' 'container/III'
systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service systemd-nspawn@containerb.service systemd-nspawn@container-III.service</programlisting>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Exit status</title>

                <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
                code otherwise.</para>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>See Also</title>
                <para>
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                </para>
        </refsect1>

</refentry>
