1d84ad9445
This improves kernel command line parsing in a number of ways: a) An kernel option "foo_bar=xyz" is now considered equivalent to "foo-bar-xyz", i.e. when comparing kernel command line option names "-" and "_" are now considered equivalent (this only applies to the option names though, not the option values!). Most of our kernel options used "-" as word separator in kernel command line options so far, but some used "_". With this change, which was a source of confusion for users (well, at least of one user: myself, I just couldn't remember that it's systemd.debug-shell, not systemd.debug_shell). Considering both as equivalent is inspired how modern kernel module loading normalizes all kernel module names to use underscores now too. b) All options previously using a dash for separating words in kernel command line options now use an underscore instead, in all documentation and in code. Since a) has been implemented this should not create any compatibility problems, but normalizes our documentation and our code. c) All kernel command line options which take booleans (or are boolean-like) have been reworked so that "foobar" (without argument) is now equivalent to "foobar=1" (but not "foobar=0"), thus normalizing the handling of our boolean arguments. Specifically this means systemd.debug-shell and systemd_debug_shell=1 are now entirely equivalent. d) All kernel command line options which take an argument, and where no argument is specified will now result in a log message. e.g. passing just "systemd.unit" will no result in a complain that it needs an argument. This is implemented in the proc_cmdline_missing_value() function. e) There's now a call proc_cmdline_get_bool() similar to proc_cmdline_get_key() that parses booleans (following the logic explained in c). f) The proc_cmdline_parse() call's boolean argument has been replaced by a new flags argument that takes a common set of bits with proc_cmdline_get_key(). g) All kernel command line APIs now begin with the same "proc_cmdline_" prefix. h) There are now tests for much of this. Yay!
394 lines
17 KiB
XML
394 lines
17 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2012 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="kernel-command-line">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>kernel-command-line</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>kernel-command-line</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>7</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>kernel-command-line</refname>
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<refpurpose>Kernel command line parameters</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/proc/cmdline</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>The kernel, the initial RAM disk (initrd) and
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basic userspace functionality may be configured at boot via
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kernel command line arguments.</para>
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<para>For command line parameters understood by the kernel, please
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see <ulink
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url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt"><filename>kernel-parameters.txt</filename></ulink>
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and
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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<para>For command line parameters understood by the initial RAM
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disk, please see
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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or the documentation of the specific initrd implementation of your
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installation.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Core OS Command Line Arguments</title>
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<variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.unit=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.systemd.unit=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.dump_core=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.crash_chvt=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.crash_shell=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.crash_reboot=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.confirm_spawn=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.show_status=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.log_target=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.log_level=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.log_color=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.log_location=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.default_standard_output=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.default_standard_error=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.setenv=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.machine_id=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the system and service
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manager to control system behavior. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.mask=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.wants=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.debug_shell</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Additional parameters understood by
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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to mask or start specific units at boot, or invoke a debug
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shell on tty9.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.restore_state=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This parameter is understood by several system tools
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to control whether or not they should restore system state
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from the previous boot. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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and
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>quiet</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system
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and service manager to control console log verbosity. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>debug</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system
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and service manager to control console log verbosity. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>-b</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.emergency</varname></term>
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<term><varname>emergency</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.rescue</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rescue</varname></term>
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<term><varname>single</varname></term>
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<term><varname>s</varname></term>
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<term><varname>S</varname></term>
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<term><varname>1</varname></term>
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<term><varname>2</varname></term>
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<term><varname>3</varname></term>
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<term><varname>4</varname></term>
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<term><varname>5</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the system and service
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manager, as compatibility and convenience options. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>locale.LANG=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LANGUAGE=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_CTYPE=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_NUMERIC=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_TIME=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_COLLATE=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_MONETARY=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_MESSAGES=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_PAPER=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_NAME=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_ADDRESS=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_TELEPHONE=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the system and service
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manager to control locale and language settings. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>fsck.mode=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>fsck.repair=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the file system checker
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services. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>quotacheck.mode=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameter understood by the file quota checker
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service. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the journal service. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>vconsole.keymap=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>vconsole.keymap_toggle=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>vconsole.font=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>vconsole.font_map=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>vconsole.font_unimap=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the virtual console setup logic. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vconsole.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>udev.log_priority=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.udev.log_priority=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>udev.children_max=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.udev.children_max=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>udev.exec_delay=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.udev.exec_delay=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>udev.event_timeout=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.udev.event_timeout=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>net.ifnames=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Parameters understood by the device event managing
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daemon. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>plymouth.enable=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>May be used to disable the Plymouth boot splash. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>luks=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>luks.crypttab=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks.crypttab=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>luks.name=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks.name=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>luks.uuid=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks.uuid=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>luks.options=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks.options=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>luks.key=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.luks.key=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Configures the LUKS full-disk encryption logic at
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boot. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>fstab=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.fstab=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Configures the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> logic
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at boot. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>root=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rootfstype=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rootflags=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ro</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rw</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Configures the root file system and its file system
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type and mount options, as well as whether it shall be
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mounted read-only or read-writable initially. For details,
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see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Configures whether GPT based partition auto-discovery
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shall be attempted. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Overwrites the default start job timeout <varname>DefaultTimeoutStartSec=</varname> at boot. For details,
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see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>modules_load=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>rd.modules_load=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Load a specific kernel module early at boot. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>resume=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enables resume from hibernation using the specified
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device. All
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>-like
|
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paths are supported. For details, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.firstboot=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. If off,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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will not query the user for basic system settings, even if the system boots up for the first time and the
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relevant settings are not initialized yet.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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|
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</refsect1>
|
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|
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<refsect1>
|
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<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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|
|
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</refentry>
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